Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of cases and controls
| Characteristica | No. (%) in group with characteristic |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (n = 141) | Controls (n = 157) | ||
| Median age in yrs (IQR) | 0.9 (0.3–2.4) | 2.9 (1.2–4.6) | <0.01 |
| Girls | 49 (35) | 66 (42) | 0.2 |
| Reason for clinic visit | |||
| Cases | |||
| URTI and imminent dehydration | 16 (11) | ||
| Wheezing illness | 32 (23) | ||
| Pneumonia | 12 (9) | ||
| Impending respiratory failure | 18 (13) | ||
| Dyspnea not further classified | 15 (11) | ||
| Fever of unknown origin | 25 (17) | ||
| Other (not classifiable) | 23 (16) | ||
| Controls | |||
| Orthopedics or surgical disease | 42 (27) | ||
| Gastrointestinal disease | 12 (8) | ||
| Neurological disease | 7 (4) | ||
| Cardiac disease | 16 (10) | ||
| Respiratory disease (noninfectious) | 7 (4) | ||
| Uro-genital disease | 5 (3) | ||
| Accompanying sibling | 43 (27) | ||
| Other (not classifiable) | 26 (17) | ||
| Comorbidity | |||
| Respiratory | |||
| Recurrent pulmonary disease | 28 (20) | 12 (7.5) | <0.01 |
| Recurrent ENT disease | 14 (10) | 31 (20) | <0.01 |
| Wheezing illness | 24 (17) | 23 (15) | 0.7 |
| Cystic fibrosis | 0 | 0 | |
| Prematurity | 39 (28) | 19 (12) | <0.01 |
a
URTI, upper respiratory tract infection; ENT disease, ear, nose, and throat disease; IQR, interquartile range.