Fig. 5.

Cytoplasmic localization and stability of the haplotype II protein exert dominant effects on nuclear localization and rapid turnover of the less-active haplotype I protein. (A) Cellomics analysis of HeLa cells transfected with double APOBEC3H proteins (I-linker-I, II-linker-II, I-linker-II, and II-linker-I) stained with monoclonal antibody to APOBEC3H. The arrow refers to the mean ratio of the normal distribution. A mean ratio of average intensity staining of APOBEC3H greater than 1.0 indicates more nuclear staining, and a mean ratio lower than 1.0 indicates more cytoplasmic staining. APOBEC3-expressing cells from duplicate wells in a 96-well transfection are shown here. Similar results from 2 independent experiments were found. (B, top) Inhibition of HIV by human APOBEC3H fusion proteins as well as by human APOBEC3G. Single-cycle infectivity assays were performed for vif-deficient HIV (HIV vif-) in the presence or absence of APOBEC expression. Averages of triplicate assays (± standard errors of the means) are shown as the percent infectivity relative to the control assay with no APOBEC expression. Note the log scale on the y axis. (Bottom) Western blot analysis of human APOBEC3G, human APOBEC3H, and double APOBEC3H fusion proteins after transfection in 293T cells.