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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2010 Jun 29;36(7):763–771. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2010.05.015

Table 1.

Concentrations of urinary biomarkers (ng mL−1), selected VOC (μg m−3), parent PAH (ng m−3) and non-parent PAH (ng m−3) personal exposure concentrations by key determinant.

% Cases<LOD All subjects (ETS+No ETS)
No ETS subjects
ETS subjects
No cases GM GSD No cases GM GSD No cases GM GSD
Urinary biomarker concentrations
Cot 0 86 0.88 5.28 55 0.33 2.7 37 3.72a 4.01
T3HCot 0 86 3.13 4.6 55 1.41 3.12 37 10.2a 3.47
2-Nap 0 86 2.92 2.52 55 3.13 2.64 37 2.64 2.34
1-HFl 86 11 0.17 2.08 6 0.19 2.63 5 0.15 1.46
2-HFl 0 86 0.28 2.07 55 0.30 2.17 37 0.25 1.90
3-HFl 56 38 0.18 1.77 24 0.16 1.92 14 0.21 1.42
1-HPhe 1 85 0.22 2.21 54 0.22 2.08 37 0.22 2.43
2-HPhe 0 85 0.14 1.66 55 0.14 1.63 37 0.14b 1.72
3+4HPhe 1 85 0.22 2.16 54 0.22 1.98 37 0.21b 2.43
1-HPyr 1 85 0.14 1.66 54 0.14 1.62 37 0.13b 1.72
Selected VOC personal exposure concentrations
3-EP 2 84 0.16 5.5 57 0.05 2.15 27 0.78a 3.95
Naph 2 84 0.64 2.63 57 0.57 2.29 27 0.76 3.08
But 1 85 0.22 4.28 57 0.16 4.41 28 0.35a 3.63
Parent PAH personal exposure concentrations
Fl 91 6 0.23 6.21 3 0.22 6.7 3 0.25 8.77
Phe 31 47 0.2 3.18 35 0.21 3.06 12 0.18 3.72
Pyr 21 54 0.22 2.87 38 0.25 2.57 16 0.17 3.67
Non-parent PAH personal exposure concentrations
Ac 46 37 0.2 4.19 25 0.18 4.27 12 0.23 4.22
Ace 47 36 0.24 3.43 28 0.25 3.17 8 0.2 4.72
Ant 34 45 0.04 3.28 34 0.05 3.28 11 0.04 3.36
Fluo 22 53 0.37 2.8 39 0.37 2.74 14 0.35 3.1
BaA 6 64 0.06 3.27 43 0.05 3.03 21 0.09a 3.69
Chry 1 67 0.22 2.72 43 0.18 2.34 24 0.38a 3.23
BbF 3 66 0.16 2.94 43 0.14 2.69 23 0.22a 3.41
BkF 0 68 0.15 2.5 43 0.13 2.41 25 0.21a 2.56
BaP 4 65 0.09 3.03 43 0.08 2.89 22 0.13b 3.25
Ind 0 68 0.1 2.84 43 0.09 2.84 25 0.11 2.88
BghiP 21 54 0.03 2.54 38 0.02 2.43 16 0.04b 2.6
DahA 0 68 0.14 2.9 43 0.13 2.84 25 0.17a 3.08
Cor 12 60 0.09 2.57 42 0.09 2.8 18 0.12 1.93
Σ Low MW [Naph-An] 0 68 0.69 3.07 43 0.60 3.06 25 1.12a 2.8
Σ Medium MW [Fluo-Chry] 0 68 0.65 3.76 43 0.61 3.62 25 0.75b 4.25
Σ High MW [B(b)F-Cor] 0 68 0.71 2.94 43 0.62 2.9 25 0.98b 2.91
Σ 16 [Naph-B(ghi)P] 0 69 2 2.92 43 1.82 2.79 26 2.54b 3.24
a

The concentrations in ETS subset are significantly different than the non-ETS subset at the 0.05 level.

b

The concentrations in the high-ETS subset (3-EP>1.4 μg m−3) only are significantly higher than the non- and low-ETS subset at the 0.05 level.