Table 5.
Selected new antibody formats and their key patents
| Company | Technology | Technology name/candidate drug | Key technology patent |
| Enzon | Polyalkylene oxide-modified scFv | US7150872 | |
| Macrogenics | Diabodies | US2007004909 | |
| CAT | Diabodies (scFv2, potentially bispecific) | US5837242 | |
| Micromet | Bispecific scFv2 directed against target antigen and CD3 on T cells | “BITE” | US7235641 |
| Affimed | Diabody-Diabody dimers | “TandAbs” | US2005089519 |
| Affimed | scFv-Diabody-scFv | “Flexibodies” | US2005079170 |
| Unilever | Camelid Antibodies (CH2-CH3-VHH)2 | US6838254 | |
| Ablynx | Camelid VHH | “Nanobodies” ATN-103 (anti-TNF) | US2003088074 |
| Domantis/GSK | Variable regions of heavy (VH) or light (VL) chain (“Domain Antibodies”) | “dAb” | US2006280734 |
| Scancell | Tumor epitopes on a IgG structure with unchanged FC domain | “Immunobody” | US2004146505 |
| Hybritech/Liliy | Trifunctional antibodies (Fab-Fab-Fab, maleimide linkers) | US5273743 | |
| Trion Pharma | Trifunctional IgG, Fc binds accessory cells, Fabs bind CD3 and tumor Antigen | “Triomab” | US6551592 |
| Affitech | Antibodies with T cell epitopes between β-strands of constant domains, and new V-regions specific for antigen presenting cells | “Troybodies” | US6294654 |
| Affitech | Antibody fragments that cross-link antigen and antibody effector molecules | “Pepbodies” | US2004101905 |
| Vaccibody AS | Bivalent homodimers, each chain consisting of scFv targeting unit specific for antigen presenting cells | “Vaccibody” | US2004253238 |
| Planet Biotechnology | IgA (two IgG structures joined by a J chain and a secretory component), expressed in a plant host, secretory component replaced by a protection protein | “SIgA plAntibodies” | US6303341 |
| Trubion | Variable regions of heavy (VH) and light (VL) chain + Fc (small modular immunopharmaceuticals) | “SMIP” | US2008227958 |
| Haptogen/Pfizer | Homodimeric heavy chain complex found in immunized nurse or dogfish sharks, lacking light chains | Novel Antigen Receptor (“NAR“) | US2005043519 |
| AdAlta | Recombinant shark antibody domain library | “IgNAR” | US2009148438 |
| Xencor | Altered Fc region to enhance affinity for Fcgamma receptors, thus enhancing ADCC | “XmAB” | US20080181890 |
| Arana | New world primate framework + non-new world primate CDR | “syn-humanisation” | US2008095767 |
| City of Hope | Dimerized construct comprising CH3 + VL + VH | “minibody” | US5837821 |
| Seattle Genetics | Antibody-drug conjugate technology with enzyme-cleavable linkers | WO2009117531 | |
| Epitomics | Humanized rabbit antibodies with increased target affinity | “RabMAbs” | US2005033031 |
| F-Star | CH2 and CH3 domains with two identical antigen binding sites engineered into the CH3 domains | “Fcab“ (antigen binding Fc) | US2009298195 |
| IgG with two additional binding sites engineered into the CH3 domains | “mAb2“ | US2009298195 | |
| Symphogen | Polyclonal antibody mixtures obtained by simultaneous expression; antibodies bind to different regions of the same antigen or multiple antigens | “Sympress“ Sym004 (anti-EGFR) | EP2152872 |
| Genmab | IgG4 antibodies with hinge region removed (no interaction with immune system) | “UniBody“ | WO2010063785 |
| Human bispecific mAbs | “DuoBody“ | US2010105874 | |
| Regeneron | Fusion peptides consisting of the extracellular domain of protein receptor and an Fc domain | VEGF trap extracellular segments of VEGFR1 and 2 and an Fc; binds VEGF-A and PlGF | US7087411 |
| Philogen | Fusion proteins for targeted delivery of bioactive molecules to vascular sites of disease | “Vascular Targeting“ L19-TNFα | US2010316602 |
ADCC, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; CDR, complementarity-determining region; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; mAbs, monoclonal antibodies; PlGF, placental growth factor; scFv, single chain variable fragment; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.