Table 1.
Gene/chromosomal region |
Type of disruption | Function | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
15q11–13 (GABRB,GABRA5, GABRG3) |
Chromosomal abnormalities | GABAA β3, GABAA α5, GABAA γ3 subunits | [15, 114] |
D2S2188 (2q) (DLX1, DLX2, GAD65) | High LOD score | Regulation of telencephalic GABAergic neuron development; GABA synthesizing enzyme | [19, 115] |
D7S477 (7q) (DLX5, DLX6) | High LOD score | Regulation of forebrain GABAergic neuron development | [19, 115] |
RELN | SNPs, CNVs, rare variants | Neuronal migration, lamination, minicolumn formation, neurotransmission regulation and synaptic plasticity | [15, 116] |
Neuroligin-3 | Point mutation | Postsynaptic cell adhesion molecule | [108, 110] |
Neuroligin-4 | Rare mutations, CNVs | Postsynaptic cell adhesion molecule | [108, 110, 117, 118] |
Neurexin-1 | Chromosomal abnormalities, CNVs | Presynaptic cell adhesion molecule | [108, 118–121] |
Shank-3 | Deletions, rare mutations, chromosomal abnormalities. | Postsynaptic scaffolding protein | [108, 111–113] |