Table 3.
Parametric correlations of risk variables with level of offending per group
| moderate/high SES Dutch n = 70 |
low SES Dutch n = 55 |
low SES non-Western n = 105 |
All N = 230 |
Sign difference between correlation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| r | r | r | r | ||
| Child characteristics | |||||
| Age onset first offense | .021 | .132 | -.122 | -.004 | - |
| Child report | |||||
| Emotional problem scale | .006 | .046 | .062 | .040 | - |
| Behavioral problem scale | .344*** | .340*** | .309*** | .315*** | ns |
| Hyperactivity scale | .146 | .196 | .377*** | .259*** | b* |
| Poor relationship with peers | -.038 | .021 | .110 | .040 | ns |
| Reactive aggression | .268** | .272** | .257*** | .255*** | ns |
| Proactive aggression (ln) | .143 | .381*** | .320*** | .286*** | ns |
| At risk peer affiliation (ln) | .029 | .201 | .277** | .188*** | ns |
| Sensation seeking | .247** | .211 | .405*** | .308*** | ns |
| Parent report | |||||
| Emotional problem scale | .102 | .314** | .274*** | .234*** | ns |
| Behavioral problem scale | .370*** | .463*** | .440*** | .417*** | ns |
| Hyperactivity scale | .319*** | .340** | .341*** | .324*** | ns |
| Poor relationship with peers | .176 | .250* | .389*** | .278*** | b* |
| Family characteristics | |||||
| Low positive parenting | .310** | .125 | .207** | .209''' | ns |
| Low parental control | .045 | .000 | .150 | .074 | - |
Note. * p < .1
** p < .05
*** p < .01
a. post-hoc difference between moderate to high SES Dutch and low SES Dutch
b. post-hoc difference between moderate to high SES Dutch and low SES non-Western
c. post-hoc difference between low SES Dutch and low SES non-Western.