Table 3.
Description of individual networks (lowest and highest values per individual, mean between brackets)
| Knowing each other | Having professional contact | |
|---|---|---|
| Size (one-step reach) | 4 to 40 (17.4) | 0 to 28 (8.9) |
| Number of connections (ties) | 5 to 373 (123.0) | 0 to 127 (28.5) |
| Density | 11 to 96% (36.0) | 0 to 100% (28.4) |
| Two step reach | 34 to 99 (83.6) | 0 to 84 (46.5) |
| Reach efficiency | 12 to 77% (29.6) | 0 to 100% (51.6) |
| Indegree centrality | 2 to 39 (14.2) | 0 to 23 (6.6) |
| Outdegree centrality | 0 to 36 (14.2) | 0 to 23 (6.6) |
| Incloseness centrality | 23.2 to 38.0 (32.3) | 1.0 to 9.7 (8.1) |
| Outcloseness centrality | 1 to 58.5 (38.0) | 1.0 to 12.7 (10.6) |
| Inreach centrality -2 steps | 40 to 70 (53) | 1 to 55 (36) |
| Outreach centrality -1 step | 1 to 67 (53) | 1 to 56 (36) |
| Betweenness centrality (normalized) | 0 to 6.6 (1.1) | 0 to 9.5 (1.6) |
Size: number of individuals who are connected on one step to an individual, plus the individual.
Density: proportion of connections in an individual's network of connections of all possible connections which are present.
Two step reach: number of individuals that can be reached in 2 steps by an individual.
Reach efficiency: two step reach divided by network size. It indicates how efficient an individual network is with respect to reaching others in the total network.
Degree centrality. Number of (in/out) going connections of an individual. Individuals who receive many connections may be prominent or have high prestige, while individuals who connect to many others may be influential. The measure refers to direct connections to an individual only.
Closeness centrality. Distance of an individual to all others in the network (define by in/outgoing connections), here defined as the sum of the lengths of the shortest geodesic paths from an individual to others. The measure is standardized by norming against the minimum possible closeness in a network of the same size and connection.
Reach centrality. The number of individuals an individual can reach in a specific number of steps in the network of in/outgoing connections.
Betweenness centrality. Number of pathways in the network in which an individual is 'in between' of two other individuals. The measure indicates how frequently an individual is an intermediate between others. The maximum would be reached if the individual is the central person in a perfect star network.