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. 2011 Aug 4;6(8):e22479. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022479

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Hemelrijk, Hildenbrandt.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Two ways of measuring shape. Left: Measurement of based on PCA analysis. Right: measuring of elongation, , length in the movement direction and width orthogonally to it. Birds fly from left to right, flock is shown from above.

Inline graphic — Two ways of measuring shape. Left: Measurement of based on PCA analysis. Right: measuring of elongation, , length in the movement direction and width orthogonally to it. Birds fly from left to right, flock is shown from above.