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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Aug 4.
Published in final edited form as: J Cell Physiol. 2010 Apr;223(1):134–142. doi: 10.1002/jcp.22018

Figure 1. Suppression of Ln-332 increases invadopodia number.

Figure 1

(A) Representative overhead and Z-section slice (Z) confocal images of γ2-ctrl and γ2-kd cells cultured for 16 h on glass, fixed, and stained with antibodies against F-actin (blue), cortactin (green), and Ln-332 γ2 chain (red). Colocalization between F-actin and cortactin is turquoise in merged images. Scale bar = 10 µm and arrows indicate examples of invadopodia. (B) Box-and-whisker plot shows the number of invadopodia counted per cell. γ2-kd cells had significantly more invadopodia than control cells (N≥3; p<0.001). (C) Representative confocal images from in vitro matrix degradation assay. Cells were cultured for 16 h on cross-linked FITC-gelatin (green), fixed, and stained with antibodies against F-actin (red) and cortactin (blue) to identify invadopodia. Pink regions in merged images show colocalization between F-actin and cortactin; yellow shows colocalization between F-actin and FITC-gelatin; turquoise shows colocalization between F-actin and FITC-gelatin; and white shows colocalization of all three markers. Scale bar = 10 µm and arrows indicate examples of invadopodia. (D) Box-and-whisker plots show number of invadopodia per cell. Again, γ2-kd cells formed significantly more invadopodia per cell than control cells (N=3; p<0.001). (E) Matrix-degrading assays show γ2-kd degraded more ECM per cell than control cells (N=3; p<0.001).