TABLE 1.
A comparison of individuals receiving integrated versus nonintegrated HIV and opioid addiction treatment
| Integrated treatment (n = 17) n (%)
|
Comparison group (n = 12) n (%)
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6 months | Baseline | 6 months | |
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean years ± SD | 48 ± 5 | – | 50 ± 5 | – |
| Male | 12 (71) | – | 7 (58) | – |
| Race | ||||
| Hispanic | 10 (59) | – | 5 (42) | – |
| Black | 6 (35) | – | 5 (42) | – |
| Other | 1 (6) | – | 2 (16) | – |
| Methadone treatment in past 3 months | 5 (29) | – | 9 (75) | – |
| Substance use outcomes (past 30 days) | ||||
| Heroin use | 16 (94) | 6 (35)* | 12 (100) | 8 (67) |
| Cocaine use | 9 (53) | 4 (24)* | 7 (58) | 4 (33) |
| Alcohol use | 9 (53) | 4 (24)* | 2 (17) | 0 |
| Injection drug use | 11 (65) | 3 (18)* | 9 (75) | 1 (8)* |
| HIV clinical outcomes | ||||
| Median CD4 count (cells/mm3) | 348 | 371 | 182 | 140 |
| Median log HIV viral load | 8.4 | 4.8 | 9.1 | 9.3 |
| Undetectable HIV viral load | 3 (20) | 7 (47) | 1 (17) | 0 |
| Had ≥ 1 log decrease in viral load | – | 5 (29) | – | 0 |
| Health care utilization | ||||
| Visits, median | – | 8 | – | 2** |
| Had ≥ 2 CD4 counts conducted | – | 9 (53) | – | 1(8)*** |
| Other outcomes | ||||
| Employed | 3 (18) | 2 (12) | 0 | 2 (17) |
| CESD > 16 | 11 (65) | 13 (76) | 5 (42) | 5 (42) |
| Good/very good/excellent health status | 7 (41) | 10 (59) | 6(50) | 6 (50) |
Note: The sample size does not total 27 in every analysis because of some missing data points. CESD = Center for Epidemiologic Studies (Radloff, 1977).
*
p < .05 for within-group differences, using McNemar’s test.
**
p < .05 for between-group differences, using Wilcoxin U-test.
***
p < .05 for between-group differences, using Fischer’s exact test.