Basic blueprint of sphingolipid metabolism. Shown are the de novo pathway of ceramide formation, the production of complex sphingolipids from ceramide, the degradation of ceramide to sphingosine, the formation of S1P from sphingosine, and the clearance of S1P through the lyase reaction. CERK, ceramide kinase; GCS, glucosylceramide synthase; GBA, acid glucocerebrosidase; SK, sphingosine kinase; SMS, sphingomyelin synthase; SPP, S1P phosphatase.