Table 2. Symptoms at time of death of suicide and accidental death decedents with schizophrenia from China.
| Measure | Accidental Control (N = 24) | Completed Suicide (N = 74) | Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | χ2 (df) | Adjusted pb | |
| Delusions | ||||||
| Delusions of references | 12 | 50.0% | 48 | 64.9% | 1.69 (1) | 0.434 |
| Paranoid delusions | 17 | 70.8% | 48 | 64.9% | 0.29 (1) | 0.772 |
| Grandiose delusions | 9 | 37.5% | 12 | 16.2% | 4.88 (1) | 0.106 |
| Delusions of jealousy | 4 | 16.7% | 22 | 29.7% | 1.59 (1) | 0.425 |
| Delusions of control | 1 | 4.2% | 12 | 16.2% | --- | 0.416 a |
| Delusions of thought broadcasting | 0 | 0.0% | 10 | 13.5% | --- | 0.280 a |
| Other types of delusions | 4 | 16.7% | 16 | 21.6% | --- | 0.845 a |
| Hallucinations | ||||||
| Auditory | 16 | 66.7% | 57 | 77.0% | 1.02 (1) | 0.587 |
| Commenting | 10 | 41.7% | 41 | 55.4% | 1.37 (1) | 0.474 |
| Visual, olfactory or other | 8 | 33.3% | 29 | 39.2% | 0.26 (1) | 0.771 |
| Disorganized speech | 23 | 95.8% | 53 | 71.6% | 6.10 (1) | 0.073 |
| Bizarre behavior | 21 | 87.5% | 57 | 77.0% | --- | 0.696 a |
| Negative symptoms | ||||||
| Flat affect | 16 | 66.7% | 42 | 56.8% | 0.74 (1) | 0.681 |
| Alogia | 6 | 25.0% | 25 | 33.8% | 0.65 (1) | 0.682 |
| Amotivation | 13 | 54.2% | 43 | 58.1% | 0.12 (1) | 0.864 |
| Depressive symptoms | ||||||
| Depressed mood | 0 | 0.0% | 20 | 27.0% | --- | 0.020 a |
| Anhedonia/Diminished interest | 0 | 0.0% | 13 | 17.6% | --- | 0.114 a |
| Appetite/Weight loss/gain | 3 | 12.5% | 13 | 17.6% | --- | 0.844 a |
| Insomnia/Hypersomnia | 6 | 25.0% | 22 | 29.7% | 0.20 (1) | 0.791 |
| Psychomotor agitation/retardation | 4 | 16.7% | 22 | 29.7% | 1.59 (1) | 0.444 |
| Fatigue | 1 | 4.2% | 15 | 20.3% | --- | 0.282 a |
| Guilt/Worthlessness | 0 | 0.0% | 13 | 17.6% | --- | 0.123 a |
| Poor concentration/Indecisiveness | 0 | 0.0% | 11 | 14.9% | --- | 0.191 a |
| Thoughts of death | 0 | 0.0% | 26 | 35.1% | 11.48 (1) | 0.016 |
| Meets DSM-IV criteria of major depressive disorder or minor depressive disorder | 0 | 0.0% | 20 | 27.0% | --- | 0.024 a |
| Hopelessness for 14 days prior to death | 0 | 0.0% | 14 | 18.9% | --- | 0.081 a |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t (df) | p | |
|
| ||||||
| Mean severity of 8 depressive items (excluding thoughts of death item) | 0.33 | 0.53 | 1.43 | 2.14 | -4.10 (92) | 0.042 |
| Mean effect of depression on functioning (0-100) | 1.62 | 4.84 | 17.79 | 25.48 | -3.08 (96) | 0.028 |
| Severity of hopelessness (0-100) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 12.14 | 23.64 | -0.65(96) | 0.745 |
a
Based on Fisher's Exact Test.
Note: Fisher's Exact Test used when expected frequency < 5.
b
All p values were adjusted using the False Discovery Rate