Table 2.
Random-Effects Anxiety Symptom Outcome Estimates and Tests
| Comparison | k | Effect size | p (ES) | 95% Confidence interval | Standard error | I2 | Q | p (Q) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment vs. control groups at post-test | 15 | .219 | .022 | .032, .407 | .096 | 56.457 | 32.152 | .004 |
| Treatment group pre- vs. post-test (.80 correlation) | 17 | .288 | .000 | .175, .400 | .057 | 44.791 | 71.650 | .000 |
| Treatment group pre- vs. post-test (0 correlation) | 17 | .284 | .000 | .175, .393 | .056 | 14.179 | 18.644 | .288 |
| Control group pre- vs. post-test (.80 correlation) | 8 | .048 | .532 | -.102, .197 | .076 | 77.669 | 14.345 | .045 |
| Control group pre- vs. post-test (0 correlation) | 8 | .005 | .926 | -.109, .119 | .058 | 51.202 | 3.137 | .872 |
k denotes number of comparisons, Q is a conventional homogeneity statistic, I2 is the percentage of total variation among studies’ observed ES due to heterogeneity