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. 2008 Nov;138(11):2098–2105. doi: 10.3945/jn.108.090431

FIGURE 1 .

FIGURE 1 

RA reduces TPA-induced COX-2 expression in colon cancer HT-29 cells. (A) Time course of COX-2 protein induction by TPA. HT-29 cells were cultured in basal medium plus vehicle (−) or in the presence (+) of TPA (0.1 μmol/L) for 3, 6, and 12 h. (B) Effects of RA on basal and TPA-induced COX-2 protein expression. HT-29 cells were pretreated for 1 h with RA and then cultured for 6 h in the presence of TPA (0.1 μmol/L), RA (5, 10, or 20 μmol/L), or their combination. In A and B, bands represent COX-2 and GADPH (loading control) immunocomplexes. Values are means + SE of triplicates from 2, n = 2, independent experiments. Means without a common letter differ, P < 0.05.