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. 2009 Feb;139(2):230–237. doi: 10.3945/jn.108.096362

TABLE 4.

Gains of body weight and major white fat pads, as well as the relative weights of adipose tissues and skeletal muscles in 31-wk-old rats at the end of a 12-wk period of consuming LF or HF diet and water containing either 1.51% l-arginine·HCl or 2.55% l-alanine1

P-value
Body weight gains or tissue weights LF-Ala LF-Arg HF-Ala HF-Arg Diet AA Diet × AA
Gains of body weights and major white fat pads,2g
    Body weights 26.3 ± 2.2b 8.4 ± 0.86c 36.7 ± 3.4a 22.0 ± 1.9b <0.01 <0.01 0.47
    Major white fat pads3 12.8 ± 1.0b 4.5 ± 0.05d 19.4 ± 1.3a 7.1 ± 0.52c <0.01 <0.01 0.63
Relative weight of tissue (tissue weight/body weight x 100), %
    RP adipose tissue 1.58 ± 0.12b 0.98 ± 0.06c 2.08 ± 0.21a 1.43 ± 0.08b <0.01 <0.01 0.60
    EP adipose tissue 1.59 ± 0.11c 1.29 ± 0.07d 2.05 ± 0.13a 1.67 ± 0.10b <0.01 <0.01 0.20
    SC adipose tissue 1.46 ± 0.11c 1.00 ± 0.06d 2.46 ± 0.21a 1.70 ± 0.14b <0.01 <0.01 0.31
    MT adipose tissue 0.68 ± 0.07b 0.38 ± 0.03c 0.85 ± 0.05a 0.55 ± 0.04b <0.01 <0.01 0.69
    Adiposity index4 5.29 ± 0.34b 3.63 ± 0.20c 7.46 ± 0.49a 5.34 ± 0.31b <0.01 <0.01 0.65
    Brown adipose tissue 0.122 ± 0.005b 0.161 ± 0.006a 0.115 ± 0.007b 0.156 ± 0.008a 0.42 <0.01 0.93
    Soleus muscle 0.034 ± 0.001b 0.390 ± 0.001a 0.034 ± 0.001b 0.038 ± 0.001a 0.77 <0.01 0.77
    EDL muscle 0.036 ± 0.001b 0.040 ± 0.001a 0.035 ± 0.001b 0.039 ± 0.001a 0.08 <0.01 0.87
Cellularity of RP adipose tissue
    Adipocyte size,5μm 90.4 ± 1.9b 77.1 ± 3.1c 99.9 ± 2.8a 92.7 ± 2.5b <0.01 <0.01 0.26
    Total adipocytes, n × 10−6 15.6 ± 1.6 14.4 ± 0.7 17.2 ± 0.9 15.1 ± 1.1 0.33 0.14 0.70
    Adipocyte density, n × 10−6/g tissue 2.13 ± 0.16b 3.27 ± 0.27a 1.62 ± 0.11c 2.05 ± 0.14b <0.01 <0.01 0.22
1

Values are means ± SEM, n = 8. Means in a row with superscripts without a common letter differ, P < 0.05.

2

During the period of AA supplementation between 19 and 31 wk of age.

3

Gains of major white fat pads (RP + EP + SC + MT adipose tissues) were calculated on the basis of the mean values for LF- and HF-fed rats at 19 wk of age (the beginning of AA supplementation).

4

(RP + EP + SC + MT adipose tissues)/body weight × 100.

5

Diameter of the cell.