Table 1.
Mimics of Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System
| INFECTIOUS VASCULITIS |
| Viral (HIV, varicella zoster, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) |
| Borreliosis |
| Tuberculosis |
| Syphilis |
| Whipple’s disease |
| Endocarditis |
| INFLAMMATORY DISEASES |
| Systemic Vasculitis |
| Behçet’s disease |
| Neurosarcoidosis |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| NON-INFLAMMATORY VASCULOPATHIES |
| Reversible vasoconstriction syndromes (RVCS) |
| Atherosclerosis |
| Susac’s syndrome |
| Radiation vasculopathy |
| Ehlers-Danlos disease |
| Kohlmeyer- Degos disease |
| Fibromuscular dysplasia |
| Fabry’s disease |
| Moya-moya disease |
| Amyloid angiopathy |
| CADASIL |
| Pseudoxanthoma elasticum |
| Mitochondrial diseases (MELAS) |
| DEMYELINATING DISEASES |
| Multiple sclerosis |
| Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis |
| THROMBOEMBOLIC DISEASES |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome |
| Hypercoagulability states |
| Cholesterol embolisms |
| Cardiac myxoma |
| Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis |
| MALIGNANCIES |
| Multifocal glioma |
| CNS lymphoma |
| Angiocentric lymphoma |
| Intravascular lymphoma (malignant angioendotheliomatosis) |