Table 3.

Achieving Balance among Gang and Non-Gang Members: Pre- and Post-Matching t-tests Using Nearest-Neighbor Matching

	Unmatched Sample			Matched Sample
	Gang Member	Non-Gang Member	t value	Gang Member	Non-Gang Member	t value
Wave 1 Covariates
Delinquency	10.46	4.01	27.34*	10.20	9.90	.54
Victimization	2.83	.85	27.44*	2.77	2.61	.95
Maternal Disengagement	9.48	8.87	3.90*	9.47	9.51	−.18
Maternal Attachment	9.33	9.42	−1.78	9.33	9.32	.19
Maternal Involvement	3.83	4.04	−2.34*	3.83	3.95	−.88
Parental Permissiveness	4.86	5.04	−2.48*	4.87	4.65	2.04*
Neighborhood Problems	5.20	4.58	8.74*	5.19	5.25	−.60
Low Self-Control	8.16	6.24	13.22*	8.11	8.22	−.48
Drug-using Peers	4.10	2.25	15.57*	4.04	3.97	.36
Neuropsychological Deficits	94.73	100.25	−7.95*	94.79	93.72	1.05
Gender	.68	.47	8.95*	.68	.68	−.21
Race	.46	.33	5.88*	.46	.47	−.32
Age	15.54	15.71	−2.25*	15.52	15.48	.45
N		10,782			478

^*p<.05, two-tailed tests

Note: Standardized bias statistics are below 20 for all covariates in the "Matched Sample." The "Matched Sample" t-tests were gleaned from the Wave 2 nonviolent delinquency analysis.