Table 4.

Estimated Interaction Effects of Mother and Father Support/Strain by Gender on Marital Closeness/Strain From Growth-Curve Models

	A. Mother (n = 520)		B. Father (n = 336)
	Intercept	Slope	Intercept	Slope
Marital closeness
Parent support T1	0.267***	−0.010	0.156*	0.015*
Parent strain T1	0.022	−0.005	0.030	−0.005
Change in parent support T1 – T2		0.008		0.015
Change in parent strain T1 – T2		0.001		−0.001
Gender (1 = adult son)	0.369***	0.009	0.445***	0.013
Parent support T1 × Adult son	−0.065	0.013	0.036	0.002
Parent strain T1 × Adult son	−0.025	0.008	−0.007	0.009
Change in parent support T1 – T2 × Adult son		0.002		0.006
Change in parent strain T1 – T2 × Adult son		−0.004		−0.003
Mean	1.300**	−0.060	3.058***	−0.108
Random effects
Level 2 variance	0.742***	0.002***	0.740***	0.002***
Level 1 variance	0.139***		0.142***
Log likelihood	−1,539.577		−992.298
Marital strain
Parent support T1	−0.090	0.011	−0.055	0.001
Parent strain T1	0.149*	−0.001	0.206*	0.011
Change in parent support T1 – T2		0.001		−0.004
Change in parent strain T1 – T2		0.008		0.010
Gender (1 = adult son)	−0.018	−0.008	0.043	−0.004
Parent support T1 × Adult son	−0.028	−0.006	0.006	0.000
Parent strain T1 × Adult son	−0.065	0.002	−0.066	−0.009
Change in parent support T1 – T2 × Adult son		0.009		−0.007
Change in parent strain T1 – T2 × Adult son		−0.015		−0.006
Mean	−0.631	0.018	−1.844*	0.020
Random effects
Level 2 variance	0.965***	0.004***	0.970***	0.003***
Level 1 variance	0.103***		0.088***
Log likelihood	−1,522.159		−937.625

Note: Age, gender, race, education, family income, marital duration, previously divorced, divorce hazard, parental status and only one living parent are controlled in all models.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .005.

^***p < .001 (two-tailed test).