Table 3.

Studies contributing effect size data for the meta-analysis of alerting attention-accuracy

Study	Task/outcome	Hedges’s g	Standard error	n	Agea	% male	Smoking status	Cigarettes per daya	Nicotine dose, mg	Route of administration
Barr et al. 2008b	Signal detection	0.00	0.18	30	39	53	NSm	NA	14	Transdermal
File et al. 2001	RVIP	0.51	0.35	32	21	50	NSm	NA	2	Inhalation-inhaler
Foulds et al. 1996b	RVIP	0.24	0.23	18	25	50	NSm	NA	0.6	Subcutaneous
Harte and Kanarek 2004	CPT	0.76	0.29	14	19	36	Sm	14	2	Buccal
Kelemen and Fulton 2008	RVIP	0.31	0.18	32	24	69	Sm	>10	2	Buccal
Lawrence et al. 2002	RVIP	0.42	0.26	15	22	53	Sm	22	21	Transdermal
Levin et al. 1998	CPT	0.62	0.31	11	23	91	NSm	NA	7	Transdermal
Myers et al. 2008b	CPT	0.55	0.21	25	36	52	Sm	22	2	Intranasal
Poltavski and Petros 2006	CPT	0.11	0.36	30	20	100	NSm	NA	7	Transdermal

Nsm nonsmoker, Sm smoker, NA not applicable, RVIP rapid visual information processing, CPT continuous performance test

^aMean value

^bAdministered multiple active nicotine doses