Table 3.
Association (crude and adjusted odds ratio and 95%CI) between socioeconomic status and COPD prevalence in urban and rural*
| Urban | Rural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COPD (%) | Crude OR | Adjusted OR | COPD (%) | Crude OR | Adjusted OR | |
| Educational level | ||||||
| ≥ 12 years | 118 (1.6) | 1 | 1 | 66 (1.7) | 1 | 1 |
| 9-11 years | 146 (2.2) | 1.44 (1.13-1.84) | 1.23 (0.96-1.57) | 190 (1.9) | 1.13 (0.85-1.50) | 1.21 (0.90-1.61) |
| < 9 years | 220 (4.2) | 2.77 (2.21-3.48) | 1.67 (1.32-2.13) | 683 (4.2) | 2.54 (1.97-3.28) | 1.76 (1.34-2.30) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Income | ||||||
| High | 165 (2.0) | 1 | 1 | 132 (2.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Middle | 144 (2.4) | 1.22 (0.97-1.53) | 1.15 (0.91-1.45) | 257 (2.5) | 0.93 (0.75-1.15) | 0.84 (0.68-1.04) |
| Low | 126 (4.1) | 2.09 (1.65-2.65) | 1.64 (1.28-2.09) | 465 (4.1) | 1.55 (1.28-1.89) | 1.03 (0.84-1.26) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.279 | ||
*Adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, passive smoking exposure and geographic regions.