Figure 3. Cells in autophagy impairment-induced premature senescence show the same senescent features as cells in replicative senescence.

All experiments were performed on stable cell lines at passage 8. Flow cytometric analysis of autofluorescence (A), lysosomal contents using LytoTracker Red (B), lysosomal pH using FITC-dextran (C), mitochondrial contents using MitoTracker Green FM (D), mitochondrial membrane potential using JC-1 (E), mitochondrial ROS levels using DHR123 and MitoSOX (F), and cathepsin activity using Z-FR-4MβNA as a substrate (H). Luminometric analysis of cellular ATP contents (G) and cell-based proteasome activities (I).