Table 1.
Baseline Patient and Disease Characteristics
| Characteristic | Patients (%) |
|---|---|
| Mean age (years) | 60.7 |
| Type 1 diabetes | 33 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 67 |
| Left-handed | 14 |
| Duration of insulin use | |
| <1 year | 5 |
| >1–4 years | 14 |
| >4–7 years | 17 |
| >7–10 years | 20 |
| >10–20 years | 26 |
| >20 years | 18 |
| Manual dexterity affecting handsa | |
| Diabetic neuropathy | 32 |
| Arthritis | 48 |
| Tremor | 28 |
| Parkinson's disease | 5 |
| Partial paralysis after stroke | 6 |
| Generalized lupus | 3 |
| Other | 9 |
| Effect of impaired manual dexterity on ability to inject insulin | |
| 1 (not at all) | 2 |
| 2 | 51 |
| 3 | 32 |
| 4 (a lot) | 16 |
| Injection device used (number)b | |
| Autopen® | 6 (7) |
| FlexPen® | 31 (37) |
| HumaPen® | 12 (14) |
| Innolet® | 3 (4) |
| KwikPen® | 6 (6) |
| NovoPen® | 26 (31) |
| OptiClik® | 1 (1) |
| OptiPen® | 5 (6) |
| OptiSet® | 3 (3) |
| SoloStar® | 18 (21) |
| Other | 12 (14) |
| Needle used (number)c | |
| MicroFine® | 48 (57) |
| NovoFine® | 38 (46) |
| NovoFine® Autocover | 1 (1) |
| Unifine Pentip® | 3 (4) |
| Other/don't know | 10 (12) |
a
Some patients had more than one manual dexterity problem.
b
Autopen® is a registered trademark of Owen Mumford, Oxford, UK; FlexPen®, Innolet®, and NovoPen® are registered trademarks of Novo Nordisk A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark; Humapen® and KwikPen® are registered trademarks of Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, IN; and OptiClik®, OptiPen®, OptiSet®, and SoloStar® are registered trademarks of Sanofi-Aventis, Paris, France.
c
MicroFine® is a registered trademark of Becton Dickinson, Oxford; NovoFine® and NovoFine® Autocover are registered trademarks of Novo Nordisk A/S; and Unifine Pentip® is a registered trademark of Owen Mumford.