Table 1.
Cyclically expressed genes in the Drosophila fat body. The 137 genes listed here were identified as described in the text. The “rhythm in DN-CLK” column indicates those whose expression profile was affected by disruption of the fat body clock.
| Gene | pMMC-β | FisherG-p | Molecular Function | rhythm in DNCLK fat body a |
Time of peak expression |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lipid metabolismb | |||||
| Sxe2 | 2.74E-04 | 4.68E-07 | phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 activity | R | ZT1-4 |
| CG31683 | 9.97E-03 | 4.98E-02 | phospholipase activity; phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG6432 | 1.57E-03 | 8.78E-04 | acetate-CoA ligase activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG5077 | 4.20E-03 | 2.56E-03 | oxysterol binding | AR | ZT1-4 |
| CG31810 | 1.08E-02 | 3.19E-03 | oxidoreductase activity; steroid dehydrogenase activity | R | ZT1-4 |
| CG33110 | 1.82E-02 | 3.97E-03 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein, long chain fatty acid enlongase activity | AR | ZT9-12 |
| CG2781 | 2.71E-02 | 2.52E-02 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein, long chain fatty acid elongase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG16905 | 2.40E-03 | 4.53E-02 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein, long chain fatty acid elongase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG18609 /// | 3.43E-04 | 1.25E-06 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein, long chain fatty acid enlongase activity | R | ZT21-0 |
| DyakCG18609 | |||||
| CG9459 | 9.21E-04 | 8.93E-05 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein, long chain fatty acid enlongase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG9458 | 2.43E-03 | 4.38E-03 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein, long chain fatty acid enlongase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG9009 | 9.94E-03 | 5.28E-03 | long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG7149 | 1.82E-03 | 2.45E-03 | diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase activity | AR | ZT5-8 |
| Nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism | |||||
| CG5537 | 7.12E-03 | 5.07E-03 | uracil phosphoribosyltransferase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG5800 | 3.17E-02 | 2.43E-02 | RNA helicase activity; ATP-dependent helicase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG4038 | 7.70E-03 | 9.47E-03 | rRNA pseudouridylation guide activity; snoRNA binding | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Rrp46 | 4.12E-02 | 1.12E-02 | 3'-5'-exoribonuclease activity; RNA binding | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG5728 | 2.27E-02 | 4.83E-02 | rRNA processing; regulation of alternative nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome |
AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG14712 | 3.40E-03 | 1.11E-02 | aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Carbohydrate metabolism | |||||
| alpha-Man- | 7.67E-04 | 1.66E-05 | mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3-1,6-alpha-mannosidase activity | R | ZT21-0 |
| Gfat1 | 7.49E-03 | 2.27E-04 | glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (isomerizing) activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| Zw | 1.58E-03 | 8.48E-04 | oxidoreductase activity, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity | AR | ZT9-12 |
| Transportersb | |||||
| CG4797 | 2.68E-03 | 1.41E-03 | Major facilitator superfamily | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG6126 | 1.61E-03 | 3.35E-03 | Major facilitator superfamily, organic cation transmembrane transporter activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG6574 | 1.47E-02 | 1.31E-02 | Major facilitator superfamily, reduced folate carrier activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG6231 | 2.59E-03 | 1.96E-03 | Major facilitator superfamily, secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity |
AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG8389 | 1.35E-02 | 1.57E-02 | Major facilitator superfamily, secondary active monocarboxylate transmembrane transporter activity |
AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG8034 /// | 9.05E-03 | 6.60E-03 | Major facilitator superfamily | AR | ZT13-16 |
| DmirCG8034 | |||||
| CG1358 | 3.24E-02 | 1.24E-02 | Major facilitator superfamily | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG6600 | 7.88E-03 | 9.16E-03 | Major facilitator superfamily (* when input CG6600 in Flybase, it turn out to be CG42269) |
AR | ZT13-16 |
| kar | 2.91E-02 | 7.20E-03 | Major facilitator superfamily, monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity |
AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG11147 | 6.87E-03 | 7.28E-03 | ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily, ABC-2 type transporter, | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG33970 | 3.60E-02 | 2.87E-02 | ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily, ABC-2 type transporter | AR | ZT17-20 |
| Atet | 6.99E-03 | 3.88E-02 | ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily, ABC-2 type transporter | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG32792 | 1.93E-02 | 5.25E-03 | amiloride-sensitive sodium channel activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Esp | 7.61E-03 | 3.16E-03 | secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| frc | 2.59E-02 | 4.79E-02 | pyrimidine nucleotide sugar transmembrane transporter activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| Kinase | |||||
| CG10560 | 4.25E-02 | 3.19E-04 | protein kinase like, CHK_kinase-like | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG31974 | 2.81E-03 | 1.93E-03 | protein kinase like, CHK_kinase-like | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CHKov2 | 1.62E-02 | 2.26E-02 | protein kinase like, CHK_kinase-like | AR | ZT21-0 |
| otk | 1.21E-03 | 5.46E-04 | transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity | AR | ZT1-4 |
| CG3608 | 5.80E-03 | 4.93E-03 | protein kinase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| Phosphatase | |||||
| Ptp99A | 7.80E-03 | 6.29E-03 | transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG32984 | 2.52E-02 | 1.28E-02 | catalytic activity; Alkaline-phosphatase-like | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Proteolysis | |||||
| CG31205 | 4.06E-04 | 5.43E-05 | serine-type endopeptidase activity | AR | ZT1-4 |
| asparagines- | 2.51E-03 | 3.38E-03 | asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity; serine-type | AR | ZT5-8 |
| synthetase | endopeptidase activity | ||||
| CG7220 | 4.31E-02 | 2.48E-02 | ubiquitin-protein ligase activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| Usp36 | 1.03E-03 | 4.27E-03 | ubiquitin thiolesterase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG14218 | 3.07E-03 | 2.39E-02 | serine-type endopeptidase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG5639 | 1.25E-02 | 4.38E-02 | serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity | AR | ZT5-8 |
| CG7695 | 3.22E-02 | 1.24E-02 | Proteinase inhibitor I1, Kazal | AR | ZT5-8 |
| Oxidoreductase | |||||
| CG40486 | 4.61E-02 | 2.13E-05 | oxidoreductase activity | R | ZT13-16 |
| CG40485 | 5.08E-03 | 2.55E-02 | oxidoreductase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG4199 | 1.45E-02 | 1.49E-02 | oxidoreductase activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG13833 | 6.67E-04 | 9.78E-08 | oxidoreductase activity | R | ZT21-0 |
| CG17562 | 8.82E-04 | 7.45E-10 | oxidoreductase activity | R | ZT1-4 |
| CG17560 | 2.78E-03 | 1.45E-08 | oxidoreductase activity | R | ZT1-4 |
| CG2065 | 2.87E-02 | 3.88E-02 | oxidoreductase activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG10131 | 1.61E-02 | 2.84E-03 | oxidoreductase activity | AR | ZT9-12 |
| CG15629 | 1.20E-02 | 7.95E-04 | oxidoreductase activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG1441 | 1.26E-02 | 9.57E-04 | reductase | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG13091 | 7.26E-03 | 1.51E-03 | reductase | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Other metabolic enzymes | |||||
| CAH1 | 3.48E-02 | 2.66E-02 | carbonate dehydratase activity | R | ZT21-0 |
| Ahcy89E | 5.65E-03 | 1.77E-02 | adenosylhomocysteinase activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| Jhe | 4.97E-03 | 5.47E-07 | juvenile-hormone esterase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG17323 | 3.05E-03 | 6.19E-08 | glucuronosyltransferase activity | R | ZT1-4 |
| CG13185 | 3.16E-03 | 7.84E-03 | ATPase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| alpha-Est10 | 4.27E-02 | 9.07E-03 | carboxylesterase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG13397 | 3.87E-02 | 2.02E-02 | alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| Pde8 | 1.05E-02 | 3.60E-02 | 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase activity; two-component response regulator activity |
AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG14934 | 1.68E-02 | 3.81E-02 | alpha-glucosidase activity; cation binding | R | ZT9-12 |
| e | 4.31E-03 | 9.42E-05 | beta-alanyl-dopamine synthase activity | R | ZT21-0 |
| CG13937 | 3.02E-02 | 1.02E-02 | HNK-1 sulfotransferase activity | AR | Zt17-20 |
| CG5156 | 3.61E-03 | 4.33E-05 | transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups | R | ZT21-0 |
| Detoxification and other defense response | |||||
| Pli | 3.18E-03 | 3.06E-05 | Toll signaling pathway; signal transduction; immune response | AR | ZT17-20 |
| dro5 | 9.43E-04 | 1.18E-04 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT5-8 |
| CecC | 1.39E-02 | 4.33E-03 | Cecropin(potent antibacterial proteins) | AR | ZT21-0 |
| gk | 4.04E-03 | 8.93E-04 | molecular function is unknown | R | ZT21-0 |
| CG5846 | 6.44E-04 | 7.37E-05 | transcriptional factor, protein with the ankyrin repeat | AR | ZT17-20 |
| b6 | 1.49E-02 | 1.13E-02 | Concanavalin A-like lectin/glucanase, neuronal pentraxin receptor activity | AR | ZT1-4 |
| Cyp4d21 | 1.02E-03 | 1.14E-10 | electron carrier activity; monooxygenase activity | R | ZT17-20 |
| Cyp6a20 | 1.72E-03 | 5.38E-04 | electron carrier activity; monooxygenase activity | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Cyp304a1 | 5.68E-03 | 8.42E-03 | electron carrier activity; monooxygenase activity | AR | ZT17-20 |
| Cyp313a4 | 6.44E-03 | 3.54E-03 | electron carrier activity; monooxygenase activity | AR | ZT13-16 |
| Cyp6a21 | 3.25E-03 | 6.25E-04 | electron carrier activity; monooxygenase activity | R | ZT21-0 |
| Hormone binding | |||||
| CG1124 /// | 1.22E-03 | 5.08E-05 | odorant and hormone binding | AR | ZT5-8 |
| DyakCG1124 | |||||
| CG31189 | 2.11E-03 | 1.34E-04 | odorant and hormone binding | R | ZT21-0 |
| CG7079 | 2.07E-03 | 3.82E-04 | odorant and hormone binding | R | ZT21-0 |
| CG11852 /// | 2.25E-02 | 6.23E-03 | odorant and hormone binding | AR | ZT13-16 |
| DyakCG11852 | |||||
| Transcription | |||||
| vri | 1.18E-04 | 3.20E-09 | transcription regulator activity; transcription factor activity | R | ZT13-16 |
| tim | 4.79E-03 | 7.57E-08 | protein binding; protein heterodimerization activity | R | ZT13-16 |
| per | 6.86E-03 | 4.63E-08 | transcription corepressor activity | R | ZT13-16 |
| Clk | 1.90E-02 | 1.45E-03 | transcription factor activity | AR | ZT1-4 |
| sug | 1.74E-02 | 2.90E-02 | zinc ion binding; nucleic acid binding | AR | ZT13-16 |
| cry | 1.86E-03 | 2.56E-02 | G-protein coupled photoreceptor activity, transcription repressor activity; | R | ZT9-13 |
| Receptor and signal transduction | |||||
| RhoGAP93B | 5.13E-04 | 4.21E-05 | protein binding. | AR | ZT21-0 |
| AR-2 | 1.49E-03 | 1.43E-02 | allatostatin receptor activity; neuropeptide receptor activity; neuropeptide Y receptor activity |
AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG1657 /// | 5.63E-03 | 3.32E-02 | Rab guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; GTPase activator activity; | AR | ZT17-20 |
| DmirCG1657 | sugar:hydrogen symporter activity | ||||
| CG14782 | 7.00E-03 | 4.05E-02 | guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; zinc ion binding | AR | ZT13-16 |
| sas | 1.41E-02 | 1.71E-03 | receptor activity | R | ZT5-8 |
| Structural molecules | |||||
| Act5C | 8.77E-03 | 2.80E-04 | structural constituent of cytoskeleton | AR | ZT9-12 |
| Cpr100A | 1.05E-03 | 7.43E-05 | structural constituent of chitin-based cuticle | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Cpr67B | 1.20E-02 | 3.53E-04 | structural constituent of chitin-based cuticle | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG15021 | 2.10E-02 | 7.98E-04 | Pistil-specific extensin-like protein | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG31534 | 3.73E-03 | 2.09E-02 | zinc ion binding | AR | ZT17-20 |
| Gasp | 3.51E-03 | 3.78E-03 | structural constituent of peritrophic membrane | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Cell adhesion | |||||
| drpr | 1.28E-03 | 3.63E-03 | protein binding | AR | ZT13-16 |
| Fas1 | 3.05E-03 | 8.42E-03 | adhesion molecule binding | AR | ZT21-0 |
| Unknown biological function | |||||
| CG8964 | 1.30E-02 | 2.96E-02 | Immunoglobulin-like | R | ZT21-0 |
| CG11275 | 4.04E-02 | 1.27E-02 | BTB/POZ-like, Kelch related, protein binding | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG7047 | 1.99E-02 | 5.12E-03 | Immunoglobulin/major histocompatibility complex, Arrestin-like | AR | ZT21-0 |
| slv | 4.37E-02 | 3.44E-03 | MtN3 and saliva related transmembrane protein, RAG1-activating protein | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG34402 | 4.52E-03 | 8.69E-03 | CUB domain | AR | ZT1-4 |
| CG14696 /// | 8.27E-03 | 3.06E-02 | Arrestin-like | AR | ZT9-12 |
| DvarCG14696 | |||||
| CG9080 | 5.24E-04 | 1.48E-06 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG31607 | 1.30E-03 | 5.26E-05 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG40198 | 3.92E-03 | 4.99E-06 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG11409 /// | 1.77E-02 | 4.14E-06 | molecular function is unknown | R | ZT9-12 |
| DmirCG11409 | |||||
| CG30121 | 1.46E-02 | 6.59E-05 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG32801 | 7.74E-03 | 2.32E-04 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG7224 /// | 1.22E-02 | 4.29E-04 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT17-20 |
| DyakCG7224 | |||||
| CG15210 | 7.20E-03 | 5.35E-04 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG5073 | 1.82E-03 | 7.17E-04 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG33998 | 2.37E-02 | 1.75E-03 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG31157 | 1.13E-03 | 2.79E-03 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG32694 | 4.70E-03 | 4.47E-03 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG9972 | 9.22E-03 | 4.47E-03 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT5-8 |
| CG32512 | 3.02E-03 | 1.05E-02 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG30033 | 7.76E-04 | 1.16E-02 | molecular function is unknown | R | ZT21-0 |
| CG13694 | 2.04E-03 | 1.19E-02 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT17-20 |
| Vago | 2.40E-02 | 1.74E-02 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT13-16 |
| CG1311 | 3.51E-02 | 2.25E-02 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG31344 | 2.05E-02 | 2.93E-02 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT21-0 |
| CG9542 | 1.04E-02 | 3.21E-02 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT9-12 |
| CG7330 | 9.32E-04 | 3.32E-02 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT1-4 |
| CG30343 | 3.25E-03 | 8.90E-03 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT17-20 |
| CG3631 | 9.83E-03 | 2.50E-02 | molecular function is unknown | AR | ZT17-20 |
a:
Fat body where the clock is disrupted by expression of a dominant negative CLK protein
b:
The transporter and GNS1/SUR4 families of genes include molecules listed as such on flybase although not identified by DAVID (Supplemental Table 2)