Table 2.
Enzyme or Transporter | Food | Drug |
---|---|---|
CYP1A2 | Caffeine, theophylline, grapefruit juice (naringen and furanocourmarins bergmottin and dihydroxybergamotin), grape juice, cruciferous vegetables, apiaceous vegetables, cooked meat | Clozapine, fluvoxamine, imipramine |
CYP2E1 | Watercress and possibly other isothiocyanate-containing cruciferous vegetables; polyunsaturated fatty acids (corn oil, menhaden oil) | Ethanol, halothane, enflurane |
CYP3A4 | Grapefruit, orange juice, red wine, possibly other polyphenol-containing substances, St. Johns wort, garlic | Ketoconazole, cyclosporine, erythromycin, protease inhibitors, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors |
UGT and GST | Brussels sprouts, cabbage, watercress, broccoli | Acetaminophen, oxazepam, morphine, ibuprofen |
P-glycopeptide and OATP | Vegetables, fruit juice, St. Johns wort | Digoxin, cyclosporine, parvastatin |
UGT: uridine diphosphae glycuronosyltransferases; GST: glutathione-S-transferases; OATP: organic anion transporting polypeptides.