Table 1.

A four-fold classification of percepts and behaviors depending on whether or not top-down attention is necessary and whether or not these percepts and behaviors give rise to phenomenal consciousness. Different percepts and behaviors are grouped together according to these two, psychophysically defined, criteria.

	Can be found without consciousness	Percepts/behaviors that give rise to consciousness
Top-down attention is not required	Formation of afterimages	Pop-out
	Rapid vision (<120 ms)	Iconic memory Gist
	Zombie behaviors	Animal and gender detection in dual-tasks Partial reportability
Top-down attention is required	PrimingAdaptationProcessing of objectsVisual searchThoughts	Working memoryDetection and discrimination of unexpected and unfamiliar stimuli Full reportability