Table 2.
Association of LDL Measures with Incident Hypertension
| Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 | LR Chi2 |
P for trend |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDL Cholesterol mg/dL | 23.7 – 94.6 | 94.7 – 111.6 | 111.7 – 127.7 | 127.8 – 148.6 | 148.7 – 335.4 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1.06 (0.95,1.18) | 1.21 (1.08,1.34) | 1.28 (1.15,1.42) | 1.45 (1.30,1.61) | 59.37 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.97 (0.87,1.09) | 1.04 (0.93,1.16) | 1.03 (0.92,1.15) | 1.08 (0.96,1.20) | 3.58 | 0.11 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.97 (0.87,1.09) | 1.04 (0.93,1.16) | 1.03 (0.92,1.15) | 1.07 (0.96,1.2) | 3.32 | 0.13 |
| Apolipoprotein B, mg/dL | 21.8 – 78 | 78.0 – 91.2 | 91.3 – 106.2 | 106.3 – 122.8 | 122.9 – 257.4 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1.12 (1.00,1.26) | 1.45 (1.30,1.63) | 1.69 (1.51,1.88) | 2.23 (2.00,2.48) | 282.03 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.99 (0.88,1.11) | 1.14 (1.01,1.28) | 1.23 (1.10,1.38) | 1.44 (1.28,1.61) | 57.68 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.99 (0.88,1.11) | 1.13 (1.00,1.26) | 1.21 (1.08,1.36) | 1.39 (1.24,1.56) | 46.52 | <0.001 |
| NMR particle concentration, nmol/L | |||||||
| Total LDL Particles | 303 – 947 | 948 –1135 | 1136 – 1335 | 1336 – 1624 | 1625 – 4405 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1.29 (1.15,1.45) | 1.59 (1.42,1.78) | 2.09 (1.87,2.34) | 2.82 (2.53,3.15) | 444.67 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.13 (1.00,1.27) | 1.23 (1.09,1.39) | 1.46 (1.30,1.64) | 1.73 (1.54,1.95) | 105.61 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.11 (0.99,1.26) | 1.20 (1.07,1.36) | 1.41 (1.26,1.59) | 1.63 (1.45,1.84) | 82.09 | <0.001 |
| IDL Particles | 0 – 5 | 6 – 20 | 21 – 40 | 41 – 73 | 74 – 339 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1.12 (1.00,1.25) | 1.36 (1.22,1.52) | 1.67 (1.50,1.86) | 1.95 (1.75,2.17) | 209.03 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.02 (0.91,1.15) | 1.16 (1.03,1.30) | 1.3 (1.16,1.46) | 1.35 (1.20,1.51) | 44.52 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.01 (0.9,1.14) | 1.14 (1.01,1.28) | 1.25 (1.12,1.41) | 1.29 (1.15,1.44) | 32.10 | <0.001 |
| Large LDL Particles | 0 – 384 | 385 – 500 | 501 – 603 | 604 – 731 | 732 – 2917 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 0.72 (0.65,0.80) | 0.70 (0.64,0.78) | 0.64 (0.57,0.71) | 0.74 (0.66,0.82) | 82.85 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.82 (0.73,0.91) | 0.83 (0.74,0.92) | 0.75 (0.67,0.83) | 0.82 (0.74,0.92) | 29.49 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.84 (0.75,0.93) | 0.85 (0.77,0.95) | 0.77 (0.69,0.86) | 0.85 (0.76,0.95) | 22.94 | 0.001 |
| Small LDL Particles | 0 – 313 | 314 – 507 | 508 – 712 | 713 – 1040 | 1041 – 3457 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1.13 (1.01,1.27) | 1.37 (1.22,1.53) | 1.91 (1.71,2.13) | 2.51 (2.25,2.79) | 398.83 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.06 (0.94,1.20) | 1.17 (1.04,1.32) | 1.44 (1.28,1.61) | 1.62 (1.45,1.83) | 96.32 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.05 (0.93,1.19) | 1.15 (1.02,1.29) | 1.39 (1.24,1.56) | 1.53 (1.36,1.73) | 72.90 | <0.001 |
| Average NMR LDL Size, nm | 19.0 – 20.8 | 20.9 – 21.2 | 21.3 – 21.6 | 21.7 – 22 | 22.1 – 23.0 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 0.72 (0.65,0.80) | 0.61 (0.55,0.67) | 0.51 (0.46,0.57) | 0.44 (0.39,0.48) | 301.70 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.86 (0.77,0.96) | 0.78 (0.70,0.86) | 0.71 (0.64,0.79) | 0.64 (0.57,0.72) | 70.82 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.88 (0.79,0.98) | 0.81 (0.73,0.89) | 0.75 (0.67,0.83) | 0.68 (0.6,0.76) | 51.50 | <0.001 |
Ranges (minimum – maximum) and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals are given for each quintile.
Model 1 includes age, smoking, fasting status, use of cholesterol lowering medication, trial treatment assignment, hormone use, menopausal status, race, exercise, alcohol use, body mass index, diabetes, education, vegetable, fruit, sodium, and total grain intake.
Model 2 adds C-reactive protein, homocysteine, fibrinogen, soluble inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1, and hemoglobin A1C to Model 1