Table 3.
Association of HDL Measures with Incident Hypertension
| Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 | LR Chi2 |
P for trend |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDL Cholesterol, mg/dL | 15.9 – 42.4 | 42.5 – 49.7 | 49.9 – 56.9 | 57.0 – 66.5 | 66.6 –173.0 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 0.79 (0.72,0.88) | 0.66 (0.59,0.73) | 0.58 (0.52,0.64) | 0.54 (0.49,0.60) | 174.83 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.94 (0.84,1.04) | 0.85 (0.76,0.94) | 0.78 (0.70,0.88) | 0.79 (0.70,0.89) | 25.25 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.96 (0.86,1.06) | 0.87 (0.78,0.97) | 0.8 (0.72,0.9) | 0.81 (0.71,0.91) | 20.73 | <0.001 |
| Apolipoprotein A-I, mg/dL | 49.8 –129 | 129.6 –143 | 143.4 –156 | 156.6 –172.9 | 173 – 249 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 0.88 (0.80,0.98) | 0.84 (0.76,0.94) | 0.88 (0.80,0.98) | 0.85 (0.77,0.95) | 12.70 | 0.008 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.96 (0.86,1.07) | 0.98 (0.87,1.09) | 1.07 (0.96,1.20) | 1.03 (0.91,1.17) | 4.63 | 0.23 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.97 (0.87,1.09) | 0.99 (0.88,1.11) | 1.07 (0.96,1.21) | 1.01 (0.89,1.14) | 3.46 | 0.41 |
| NMR particle concentration, μmol/L | |||||||
| Total HDL Particles | 12.1 – 30.2 | 30.3 – 33.3 | 33.4 – 36.4 | 36.5 – 40.3 | 40.4 – 67.9 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1.02 (0.92,1.14) | 1.13 (1.01,1.26) | 1.24 (1.12,1.38) | 1.47 (1.32,1.63) | 69.19 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.02 (0.91,1.15) | 1.12 (1.00,1.25) | 1.23 (1.09,1.37) | 1.48 (1.32,1.67) | 54.81 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.02 (0.91,1.15) | 1.12 (1.00,1.25) | 1.21 (1.08,1.36) | 1.43 (1.26,1.61) | 41.88 | <0.001 |
| Large HDL Particles | 0 – 4.7 | 4.8 – 6.9 | 7.0 – 8.9 | 9.0 –11.3 | 11.4 –25.3 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 0.74 (0.67,0.82) | 0.62 (0.56,0.69) | 0.51 (0.46,0.57) | 0.56 (0.50,0.62) | 200.89 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.88 (0.79,0.98) | 0.83 (0.75,0.93) | 0.73 (0.65,0.82) | 0.80 (0.71,0.9) | 30.21 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.90 (0.81,1.00) | 0.86 (0.77,0.96) | 0.76 (0.67,0.85) | 0.81 (0.72,0.91) | 24.29 | <0.001 |
| Medium HDL Particles | 0 – 0.5 | 0.6 – 1.8 | 1.9 – 3.8 | 3.9 – 7.0 | 7.1 – 30.4 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1.12 (1.01,1.25) | 1.15 (1.03,1.28) | 1.27 (1.14,1.41) | 1.43 (1.29,1.59) | 52.12 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.06 (0.95,1.18) | 1.06 (0.95,1.18) | 1.17 (1.05,1.30) | 1.31 (1.17,1.46) | 28.06 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.05 (0.94,1.18) | 1.04 (0.93,1.17) | 1.14 (1.02,1.27) | 1.26 (1.12,1.41) | 18.878 | <0.001 |
| Small HDL Particles | 0 – 18.7 | 18.8 – 21.9 | 22.0 – 24.5 | 24.6 – 27.7 | 27.8 – 49.9 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 1.07 (0.96,1.19) | 1.27 (1.14,1.42) | 1.46 (1.31,1.63) | 1.77 (1.59,1.97) | 151.12 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.98 (0.87,1.10) | 1.11 (0.99,1.25) | 1.17 (1.04,1.30) | 1.36 (1.22,1.53) | 45.35 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.99 (0.88,1.11) | 1.12 (1.00,1.25) | 1.16 (1.04,1.30) | 1.34 (1.20,1.50) | 38.18 | <0.001 |
| Average NMR HDL Size, nm | 8.0 – 8.6 | 8.7 – 8.9 | 9.0 – 9.2 | 9.3 – 9.5 | 9.6 – 10.8 | ||
| Unadjusted | 1 | 0.73 (0.66,0.80) | 0.57 (0.51,0.62) | 0.49 (0.44,0.55) | 0.40 (0.35,0.45) | 338.06 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.85 (0.77,0.94) | 0.75 (0.68,0.84) | 0.72 (0.64,0.80) | 0.62 (0.55,0.7) | 66.16 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.86 (0.78,0.95) | 0.77 (0.70,0.86) | 0.74 (0.66,0.83) | 0.65 (0.57,0.73) | 52.73 | <0.001 |
Ranges (minimum – maximum) and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals are given for each quintile.
Model 1 includes age, smoking, fasting status, use of cholesterol lowering medication, trial treatment assignment, hormone use, menopausal status, race, exercise, alcohol use, body mass index, diabetes, education, vegetable, fruit, sodium, and total grain intake.
Model 2 adds C-reactive protein, homocysteine, fibrinogen, soluble inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1, and hemoglobin A1C to Model 1