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Peripheral β-adrenergic receptor antagonist sotalol does not impair retrieval of a conditioned place preference (CPP). All rats expressed a CPP for the previously cocaine-paired chamber over the previously saline-paired chamber during the first CPP trial. Peripheral β-adrenergic receptor antagonist sotalol and saline injections (arrows) before the second, third, and fourth CPP trials did not alter expression of a CPP across trials. ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, and *p<0.05.
