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Monocyte-endothelial cell (EC) adherence. Human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) were seeded and allowed to grow to confluent monolayers. ECs and monocytes were treated with acetoacetate (AA; 0–8 mM) or β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB; 0–8 mM) for 24 h. Adhesion assays were carried out as described in materials and methods. Values are expressed as %input fluorescence. A: THP-1 monocytes. B: U937 monocytes. C: isolated human monocytes. Values are means ± SE; n = 3.
