Fig. 2.

ECAM protein expression in HUVECs. A: total protein expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). HUVECs were plated in 100-mm dishes and treated with AA or BHB (0–8 mM). ICAM-1 was detected via Western blotting as described in materials and methods. An 8% gel was loaded with 20 μg of protein extract. Arbitrary units were determined using image J software and expressed per tubulin. Representative blot of ≥3 different experiments. B: surface expression of E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and ICAM-1, and nonbinding IgG control was determined by ELISA as described in materials and methods. Values are means ± SE; n = 3.