qRT-PCR analysis (SYBR) of RNA extracted from S. mansoni 6–7 weeks post-infection. Parasites were perfused from mice infected with males and females (white bar), single-sex males (grey bar), or single-sex females (black bar). Primers were directed against SMDR2 or SmMRP1, and the reference gene was 18S RNA. (A) Relative SMDR2 RNA expression (n= 3) (B) Relative SmMRP1 RNA expression (n= 3–4). *, **, *** indicate P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001, respectively, ANOVA.