Table 1.
Demographic data of PD patients
| Sporadic (n = 31) |
Familial (n = 20) |
Controls (n = 26) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of study, average, years (SD) | 65.1 (11.6) | 66.1 (12.7) | 64.9 (10.9) |
| Age at onset, average, years (SD) | 57.9 (13.7) | 56.7 (12.5) | NA |
| Female, (%) | 12 (38.7) | 7 (35.0) | 10 (38.5) |
| History of smoking (%) | 12 (38.7) | 3 (15.0) | 7 (26.9) |
| History of traumatic brain injury, TBI (%) | 5 (16.1) | 3 (15.0) | 5 (19.2) |
| History of exposure in pesticides (%) | 14 (45.2) | 7 (35.0) | 8 (30.8) |
| Clinical characteristics and findings, number | |||
| Onset with tremor (%) | 12 (38.7) | 11 (55.0) | NA |
| Bradykinesia (%) | 16 (51.6) | 14 (70.0) | NA |
| Muscular rigidity (%) | 15 (48.4) | 9 (45.0) | NA |
| Postural instability (%) | 17 (54.8) | 10 (50.0) | NA |
| Persistent asymmetry of signs (%) | 2 (6.5) | 1 (0.05) | NA |
| Rest tremor (%) | 23 (74.2) | 17 (85.0) | NA |
| Hoehn and Yahn score (staging 0–5) mean (SD) | 2.5 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.7) | NA |