Fig. 5.

Nicotine modulates excitatory synaptic inputs to DRN neurons. A: effect of 1 μM nicotine on spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) frequency in a DRN neuron. Inset: representative traces before (Control) and after perfusion with nicotine. Scale: 50 pA, 25 ms. B: nicotine increased the sEPSC frequency in 58.3% of DRN neurons. Responsive cells were identified by comparing sEPSC frequency before and during nicotine application (see materials and methods). Bars represent means ± SE.