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. 2011 Jul 19;134(8):2339–2357. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr165

Figure 5.

Figure 5

VEGF messenger RNA is upregulated following dopaminergic stimulation in primary cerebral astrocytes. (A) Quantitative polymerase chain reaction from striatal (left) or cortical (right) astrocytes incubated with 50 μM of dopamine or control (DMSO) for 3 h. (B) VEGF messenger RNA levels following stimulation with a direct D1 agonist (SKF82958), a D1 antagonist (SCH23390), a D2 agonist (quinpirole), and a D2 antagonist (eticlopride) applied for 3 h (P < 0.0001 for all statistical comparisons in A and B). One-factor ANOVA followed by post hoc Student–Newman–Keul’s; P < 0.05 *versus all other groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM.