Table 1.

Sample demographics and clinical data for the human cases used for histology

Values (mean ± SEM)	Healthy controls	Non-dyskinetic Parkinson’s disease	Dyskinetic Parkinson’s disease	P-value (statistical test used)
n	6	9	11
Male: Female	4:2	6:3	5:6	0.6 (Chi-square)
Age of death	79.4 ± 4.7	74.6 ± 3.0	76.3 ± 1.9	0.6 (ANOVA)
Post-mortem delay (h)	50 ± 10	42 ± 7	49 ± 7	0.7 (ANOVA)
Tissue pH	6.3 ± 0.1	6.4 ± 0.1	6.4 ± 0.1	0.7 (ANOVA)
Age at Parkinson’s disease onset (years)	NA	60.6 ± 4.3	59.0 ± 2.5	0.8 (t-test, t = 0.3)
Parkinson’s disease duration (years)	NA	14.0 ± 2.5	17.3 ± 1.9	0.3 (t-test, t = −1.0)
Maximum l-dopa dose (mg/day)	NA	536 ± 84	695 ± 67	0.2 (t test, t = −1.5)
Years of l-dopa use	NA	10.9 ± 2.1	14.7 ± 2.0	0.2 (t test, t = −1.3)
Lifetime l-dopa amount (g)	NA	2055 ± 664	2700 ± 338	0.4 (t-test, t = −0.9)
Years of any dopamine agonist use	NA	1.4 ± 0.7	4.6 ± 1.1	0.03 (t-test, t = −2.4)
Months of Parkinson’s disease without dyskinesia	NA	168.5 ± 30.1	71.8 ± 13.2	0.013 (t-test, t = 2.9)
Months of l-dopa use without dyskinesia	NA	132.0 ± 25.4	41.0 ± 8.0	0.007 (t-test, t = 3.4)

NA = not applicable.