TABLE 5.

RRs and 95% CIs of type 2 diabetes in participants in the Nurses' Health Study II by current low-fat and high-fat dairy product intake

	Quintile of dairy intake
	1	2	3	4	5	P-trend
Low-fat dairy foods1
Median intake (daily servings/1000 kcal)	0.18	0.44	0.66	0.96	1.44
No. of cases	134	130	105	96	85
Person-years	57,852	58,013	58,077	58,233	58,529
Model [RR (95% CI)]2
1	1.00	0.97 (0.76, 1.24)	0.78 (0.61, 1.01)	0.74 (0.56, 0.96)	0.67 (0.51, 0.88)	0.0007
2	1.00	0.95 (0.74, 1.22)	0.80 (0.61, 1.03)	0.77 (0.59, 1.01)	0.76 (0.58, 1.01)	0.02
3	1.00	0.99 (0.77, 1.27)	0.85 (0.65, 1.11)	0.82 (0.62, 1.07)	0.78 (0.59, 1.03)	0.04
4	1.00	0.99 (0.76, 1.27)	0.86 (0.65, 1.13)	0.82 (0.61, 1.09)	0.74 (0.54, 1.01)	0.03
High-fat dairy foods3
Median intake (daily servings/1000 kcal)	0.19	0.33	0.47	0.66	1.14
No. of cases	114	126	105	111	88
Person-years4	57,583	57,539	57,520	57,553	57,539
Model [RR (95% CI)]2
1	1.00	1.10 (0.85, 1.42)	0.94 (0.72, 1.23)	1.00 (0.77, 1.30)	0.77 (0.58, 1.01)	0.03
2	1.00	1.01 (0.78, 1.31)	0.85 (0.65, 1.12)	0.95 (0.73, 1.24)	0.76 (0.57, 1.01)	0.04
3	1.00	1.02 (0.79, 1.33)	0.87 (0.66, 1.15)	0.99 (0.75, 1.29)	0.79 (0.59, 1.06)	0.08
4	1.00	0.99 (0.76, 1.29)	0.83 (0.62, 1.10)	0.91 (0.69, 1.20)	0.72 (0.53, 0.99)	0.03

¹Includes skim/low-fat milk, sherbet, yogurt, and cottage/ricotta cheese.

²Model 1 was adjusted for age. Model 2 was adjusted as for model 1 plus BMI and total energy intake. Model 3 was adjusted as for model 2 plus family history of diabetes, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol use, oral contraceptive use, and hormone replacement therapy. Model 4 was adjusted as for model 3 plus polyunsaturated:saturated fat ratio, glycemic load, and intakes of cereal fiber, trans fat, processed meat, carbonated soft drinks, fruit drinks, coffee, and low- or high-fat dairy products.

³Includes whole milk, cream, sour cream, cream cheese, other cheeses, ice cream, and butter.

⁴Category for missing has 6 cases and 2969 person-years.