Table 2. Model outputs: Average Cost effectiveness ratio (ACER) (total diagnostic and treatment cost per life-year gained) for each diagnostic procedure.

Diagnostic	Specimen	% of patients successfully treated	ACER (5% prevalence)	ACER (20% prevalence)	ACER (50% prevalence)
CXR	None	77.0%	$1,077	$270	$109
DQ	Oral wash	27.0%	$175	$46	$20
	Expectorated sputum	54.0%	$85	$24	$11
	Induced sputum	67.5%	$261	$68	$29
	Bronchoalveolar lavage	67.5%	$2,288	$574	$232
GMS	Oral wash	27.0%	$315	$81	$34
	Expectorated sputum	46.8%	$184	$48	$21
	Induced sputum	63.0%	$343	$88	$37
	Bronchoalveolar lavage	73.8%	$2,146	$539	$217
TBO	Oral wash	27.0%	$72	$20	$10
	Expectorated sputum	64.3%	$29	$10	$6
	Induced sputum	67.5%	$220	$57	$25
	Bronchoalveolar lavage	72.0%	$2,107	$529	$213
CW	Oral wash	27.0%	$221	$58	$25
	Expectorated sputum	29.7%	$194	$51	$22
	Induced sputum	51.3%	$367	$94	$39
	Bronchoalveolar lavage	70.2%	$2,218	$557	$225
IFA	Oral wash	27.0%	$1,543	$388	$157
	Expectorated sputum	45.0%	$923	$233	$95
	Induced sputum	72.9%	$749	$190	$78
	Bronchoalveolar lavage	90.0%	$2,127	$534	$216
PCR	Oral wash	63.9%	$279	$72	$31
	Expectorated sputum	76.5%	$231	$60	$26
	Induced sputum	84.6%	$363	$93	$39
	Bronchoalveolar lavage	90.0%	$1,864	$468	$189
nPCR	Oral wash	74.7%	$279	$72	$31
	Expectorated sputum	81.9%	$253	$65	$28
	Induced sputum	90.0%	$375	$96	$40
	Bronchoalveolar lavage	90.0%	$1,901	$477	$193
rtPCR	Oral wash	80.1%	$353	$90	$38
	Expectorated sputum	82.8%	$339	$87	$36
	Induced sputum	85.5%	$483	$123	$51
	Bronchoalveolar lavage	89.1%	$2,005	$503	$203

CXR: Chest x-ray; DQ: Diff-Quick; GMS: Grocott's Methenamine Silver Stain; TBO: Toluidine Blue O; CW: Calcofluor white stain; IFA: Immunofluorescence; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; nPCR: nested PCR; rtPCR: real-time (quantitative) PCR.