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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Aug 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Orofac Pain. 2010 Winter;24(1):7–24.

Table 3.

Criterion Examiner Expanded TMD Taxonomy

I. Muscle Disorders
 I.a. Myofascial Pain
 I.a.1 Myofascial Pain with Referral
 I.b. Myofascial Pain with Limited Opening
 I.b.1 Myofascial Pain with Referral with Limited Opening
 I.c. Muscle Spasm
 I.d. Myositis
 I.e. Muscle Contracture
II. Disc Displacements
 II.a. Disc Displacement with Reduction
 II.a.1 Disc Displacement with Reduction with Intermittent Limited Opening
 II.b. Disc Displacement without Reduction with Limited Opening
 II.c. Disc Displacement without Reduction without Limited Opening
III. Arthralgia, Arthritis, Arthrosis
 III.a. Arthralgia (Synovitis)
 III.a.1 Capsular Ligamentous Sprain
 III.b Osteoarthritis
 III.c. Osteoarthrosis
IV. Uncommon Temporomandibular Disorders
 IV.a. Dislocation
 IV.b.1 Fibrous Ankylosis
 IV.b.2 Bony Ankylosis
 IV.c. Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
 IV.d. Chondromatosis
 IV.e. Idiopathic Condylar Lysis
 IV.f. Subcondylar Fracture
 IV.g. Neoplasms
V. Rheumatic Disorders
 V.a. Rheumatoid Arthritis with concurrent involvement of the TMJ
 V.b. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis with concurrent involvement of TMJ
 V.c. Miscellaneous rheumatic diseases with potential concurrent TMJ involvement
 V.d. Fibromyalgia with concurrent involvement of masticatory muscles
VI. Tension-Type Headaches
 VI.a. Infrequent episodic tension-type headache associated with the temporalis muscle
 VI.b. Episodic tension-type headache associated with the temporalis muscle
 VI.c. Chronic tension-type headache associated with the temporalis muscle