Figure 1.

Effects of rotenone (Rot) on the viability of primary microglia. A: Rat primary microglia (PM) and mesencephalic neurons were cultured with the indicated concentrations of Rot for 3 days, and the degree of cell death was assessed by measuring LDH leakage into the culture medium. Data are representative of four independent experiments. ***P < 0.001 compared with mock-treated controls (CONs). N.S. indicates no significant difference. B: PM and mesencephalic neurons were co-cultured using transwell inserts and treated with 30 nmol/L Rot for 3 days. Cells were stained with PI, and the viability of each cell type was measured by FACS analysis. C: Primary microglia were incubated with or without the indicated concentrations of Rot for 3 days. Cell viability was analyzed using the Live/Dead Viability Cytotoxicity kit, as described in Materials and Methods.