Table 1.
Baseline hemodynamic data
| Parameter | C57BL/6, n = 9 | δ-SG KO, n = 7 | γ-SG KO, n = 7 | mdx, n = 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart rate (bpm) | 615 ± 9 | 625 ± 20 | 592 ± 20 | 588 ± 15 |
| End-diastolic volume (μl) | 32.1 ± 1.9 | 30.1 ± 4.0 | 29.4 ± 4.4 | 31.2 ± 3.3 |
| End-stystolic volume (μl) | 13.3 ± 1.1 | 12.7 ± 2.7 | 11.9 ± 3.9 | 14.5 ± 3.0 |
| Stroke volume (μl) | 21.4 ± 1.1 | 19.5 ± 2.3 | 19.9 ± 3.4 | 20.7 ± 1.3 |
| Cardiac output (ml/min) | 13.1 ± 0.7 | 12.2 ± 1.4 | 11.8 ± 2.1 | 12.1 ± 0.7 |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 63.9 ± 2.7 | 64.5 ± 4.5 | 65.5 ± 8.7 | 65.5 ± 5.0 |
| End-diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 9.8 ± 0.7 | 7.6 ± 0.6 | 8.8 ± 0.9 | 13.5 ± 1.6* |
| Minimum pressure (mmHg) | 6.6 ± 0.6 | 5.1 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 0.6 | 10.3 ± 1.0* |
| Tau (ms) | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 6.4 ± 0.4 | 7.5 ± 0.5* |
| End-systolic pressure (mmHg) | 105.1 ± 2.0 | 88.2 ± 3.4* | 85.8 ± 4.7* | 80.1 ± 3.5* |
| dP/dtmax (mmHg/s) | 10,378 ± 400 | 8563 ± 792 | 8688 ± 1280 | 7427 ± 668 |
| dP/dtmin (mmHg/s) | −11,267 ± 313 | −9173 ± 793* | −7190 ± 765* | −5922 ± 476* |
| Maximum filling rate (μl/s) | 1,087 ± 76 | 976 ± 131 | 977 ± 158 | 1093 ± 106 |
| Maximum emptying rate (μl/s) | −1,045 ± 56 | −1010 ± 110 | −1108 ± 194 | −1263 ± 72 |
| Age (mo) | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 8.3 ± 0.3 | 6.3 ± 0.2 | 7.8 ± 0.2 |
| Heart:body weight ratio (mg:g) | 4.58 ± 0.16 | 5.25 ± 0.14* | 4.41 ± 0.31 | 4.63 ± 0.10 |
Data are expressed as means ± se.
*
P < 0.05 vs. control C57BL/6; 1-way ANOVA.