Table 5.
Characteristics and Psychiatric Symptoms in Children Diagnosed with ADHD diagnoses Who Are versus Are Not Prescribed Antipsychotic Medication at Baseline (n=361)
| Characteristics and Psychiatric Symptoms M (SD) | Not currently prescribed an antipsychotic (n=252) | Currently prescribed an antipsychotic (n=109) | t Statistic (df), p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Current Diagnoses at Baseline | 2.5 (1.1) | 3.0 (1.3) | 3.77 (359), p<0.001 |
| Current CGAS | 54.9 (9.9) | 52.0 (9.2) | 2.61 (358), p=0.009 |
| Age | 9.3 (1.9) | 9.2 (1.9) | 0.42 (359), p=0.677 |
| Comorbid Diagnoses n (%) | Fisher's Exact, p value | ||
| Any bipolar diagnosis (n=87) | 41 (16%) | 46 (42%) | <.001 |
| Any comorbid disorder except bipolar diagnoses (n=209) | 161 (64%) | 48 (44%) | <.001 |
| Any disruptive behavior disorder (n=144) | 113 (45%) | 31 (28%) | .003 |
| Any psychotic disorder* (n=8) | 4 (2%) | 4 (4%) | .250 |
| Any pervasive developmental disorder (n=15) | 11 (4%) | 4 (4%) | 1.000 |
| Mood Symptoms M (SD) | t Statistic (df), p value | ||
| Baseline YMRS** total score | 15.9 (8.1) | 21.8 (9.6) | 6.10 (359), p<.001 |
| Baseline P-GBI-10M total score | 12.8 (6.9) | 15.6 (7.3) | 3.38 (356), p=0.001 |
| Baseline CDRS-R total score | 34.6 (10.6) | 34.8 (10.0) | 0.11 (359), p=0.916 |
| CAASI-4R Subscale Scores M (SD) | |||
| ODD Subscale | 14.8 (5.8) | 17.1 (5.2) | 3.49 (354), p=.001 |
| CD Subscale | 5.3 (4.9) | 7.0 (5.5) | 2.81 (355), p=.005 |
| ADHD Hyperactive Subscale | 18.3 (6.0) | 18.2 (6.4) | 0.11 (356), p=0.916 |
| ADHD Inattentive Subscale | 19.6 (5.5) | 19.6 (5.2) | 0.02 (356), p=0.984 |
| ADHD Combined Subscale | 37.8 (9.6) | 37.8 (10.4) | 0.05 (356), p=0.957 |
| Irritability, Depression, Anxiety Scale- Outward Irritability Subscale M (SD) | 8.7 (2.6) | 9.6 (2.4) | 2.89 (358), p=0.004 |
*
One child met criteria for a psychotic disorder and BP1 and 2 children met criteria for a psychotic disorder and BP-NOS, these children were included in the psychotic diagnosis diagnostic group only; **YMRS=Young Mania Rating Scale; P-GBI-10M=Parent-Completed General Behavior Inventory Mania Form; CDRS-R=Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised; CAASI-4R=Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-4-Parent Version Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Subscales.