Table 4. Comparison of Susceptibility Patterns and Superantigens among Isolates Associated with Menstrual and Non-menstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome Cases.
| All Cases | Menstrual | Non-menstrual | p value* | |
| Antimicrobial (n = 44) | 39/44 (88%) | 25/28 (89%) | 14/16 (88%) | 1.00 |
| penicillin (n = 35) | 0/35 (0%) | 0/24 (0%) | 0/11 (0%) | 1.00 |
| erythromycin (n = 35) | 23/35 (66%) | 16/24 (67%) | 7/11 (64%) | 1.00 |
| clindamycin (n = 36)∥ | 31/36 (83%) | 21/24 (88%) | 10/12 (83%) | 1.00 |
| oxacillin (n = 38) | 34/38 (89%) | 24/25 (96%) | 10/13 (77%) | 0.11 |
| quinolones (n = 34)† | 32/34 (94%) | 22/23 (96%) | 10/11 (91%) | 1.00 |
| TMP/SMX (n = 33) | 32/33 (97%) | 22/23 (96%) | 10/10 (100%) | 1.00 |
| gentamicin (n = 19) | 19/19 (100%) | 16/16 (100%) | 3/3 (100%) | 1.00 |
| vancomycin (n = 34) | 34/34 (100%) | 24/24 (100%) | 10/10 (100%) | 1.00 |
| Superantigen (n = 44) | 26/44 (59%) | 19/28 (68%) | 7/16 (44%) | 0.20 |
| tst-1 present (n = 25) | 20/25 (80%) | 17/19 (89%) | 3/6 (50%) | 0.07 |
| sea present (n = 5) | ‡ 2/5 (40%) | 1/4 (25%) | 1/1 (100%) | 0.40 |
| seb present (n = 20) | 3/20 (15%) | 0/15 (0%) | 3/5 (60%) | <0.01 |
| sec present (n = 19) | 3/19 (16%) | 2/15 (13%) | 1/4 (25%) | 0.53 |
Abbreviations:TMP/SMX, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; tst-1, toxic shock syndrome toxin 1; sea, staphylococcal enterotoxin; seb, staphylococcal enterotoxin B; sec, staphylococcal enterotoxin C.
*Comparison of menstrual and non-mentstrual TSS cases. Fisher's Exact Chi-Square test comparing menstrual and non-menstrual isolates.
∥Includes inducible clindamycin resistance as evidenced by D-test.
†
Testing was performed on gatifloxacin, ciprofloxicin, or levofloxin based on clinical laboratory. If more than one quinolone was tested, isolate was classified as susceptible if the all quinolones tested were susceptible.
‡
Both cases that where sea positive were also tst-1 positive.