Maintain regular times for going to bed and arising.
Establish a comfortable, secure sleeping environment. Attend to temperature and provide nightlights and/or security objects.
Discourage staying in bed while awake; use the bedroom only for sleep.
If the person awakens, discourage watching television.
Establish regular meal times.
Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine.
Avoid excessive evening fluid intake and empty the bladder before retiring.
Avoid daytime naps if the person is having trouble sleeping at night.
Treat any pain symptoms.
Seek daytime sunlight exposure.
Engage in regular daily exercise, but no later than four hours before bedtime.
If the person is taking cholinesterase inhibitors (tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, or galantamine), avoid nighttime dosing.
Administer drugs such as selegiline that may have a stimulating effect no later than six to eight hours before bedtime.