Table 1.
Patient and Facility Characteristics for Older Depressed and Non-Depressed Veterans in Community Living Centers
| Factor | Depressed (n=877) n (%) | Not Depressed (n=2,815) N (%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age | |||
| 65-74 | 265 (30.22) | 869 (30.87) | |
| 75-84 | 468 (53.36) | 1,458 (51.79) | 0.69 |
| 85+ | 144 (16.42) | 488 (17.34) | |
| Race | |||
| White | 760 (86.66) | 2,221 (78.90) | |
| Black | 87 (9.92) | 412 (14.64) | <0.01 |
| Other | 30 (3.42) | 182 (6.47) | |
| Female gender | 37 (4.22) | 66 (2.34) | <0.01 |
| Education | |||
| Below high school | 253 (28.85) | 859 (30.52) | |
| High school | 404 (46.07) | 1,312 (47.68) | 0.51 |
| Above high school | 208 (23.72) | 614 (21.81) | |
| Not Assessed | 12 (1.37) | 30 (1.07) | |
| Health Status | |||
| ADL dependence (Mean ±SD) | 8.58 (6.31) | 9.27 (6.55) | <0.01 |
| Comorbidity index (Mean ±SD) | 2.95 (2.29) | 2.62 (2.21) | <0.01 |
| Other Medications | |||
| 0-5 | 243 (27.71) | 744 (26.43) | 0.31 |
| 6-10 | 258 (29.42) | 786 (27.92) | |
| 11-15 | 158 (18.02) | 587 (20.85) | |
| 16+ | 218 (24.86) | 698 (24.80) | |
| COPD | 259 (29.53) | 747 (26.54) | 0.08 |
| Diabetes | 309 (35.23) | 1,077(38.26) | 0.11 |
| Cancer | 162(18.47) | 472(16.77) | 0.24 |
| Arthritis | 255(29.08) | 756(26.86) | 0.20 |
| ASHD | 233 (26.57) | 656 (23.30) | 0.05 |
| Hip fracture | 43 (4.90) | 144 (5.12) | 0.80 |
| Hypertension | 588 (67.05) | 1,879 (66.75) | 0.87 |
| Osteoporosis | 58 (6.61) | 160 (5.68) | 0.31 |
| Neurological/Psychiatric Problems | |||
| Cerebrovascular accident | 152 (17.33) | 507 (18.01) | 0.65 |
| Seizure disorder | 52 (5.93) | 146 (5.19) | 0.39 |
| Parkinson's | 80 (9.12) | 146 (5.19) | <0.01 |
| Any neuropathic pain | 266 (30.33) | 609 (21.63) | <0.01 |
| Bipolar disease | 22 (2.51) | 64 (2.27) | 0.69 |
| Schizophrenia | 86 (9.81) | 283 (10.05) | 0.83 |
| PTSD | 124 (14.14) | 121 (4.30) | <0.01 |
| Other Anxiety | 148 (16.88) | 133 (4.72) | <0.01 |
| Alzheimer's | 106 (12.09) | 286 (10.16) | 0.11 |
| Vascular dementia | 89 (10.15) | 150 (5.33) | <0.01 |
| Other dementia | 336 (38.31) | 753 (26.75) | <0.01 |
| Behavior problem | 171 (19.50) | 347 (12.33) | <0.01 |
| Moderate/severe pain | 223 (25.43) | 645 (22.91) | 0.13 |
| Cognitive function | |||
| Intact | 442 (50.40) | 1,497 (53.18) | |
| Mild/Moderate | 325 (37.06) | 880 (31.26) | <0.01 |
| Severe | 90 (10.26) | 384 (13.64) | |
| Not assessed | 20 (2.28) | 54 (1.92) | |
| Use of antipsychotic in those without schizophrenia | 214 (24.40) | 512 (18.19) | <0.01 |
| Use of anxiolytic/hypnotic | 68 (7.75) | 163 (5.79) | 0.04 |
| Use of ACHEI | 156 (17.79) | 363 (12.90) | <0.01 |
| Use of Memantine | 35 (3.99) | 78 (2.77) | 0.07 |
| Site Level Indicators | |||
| Bed Size | |||
| Small (<60) | 126 (14.37) | 384 (13.64) | 0.81 |
| Medium (60-120) | 416 (47.43) | 1,328 (47.18) | |
| Large (>120) | 335 (38.20) | 488 (39.18) | |
| Region | |||
| North East | 221 (25.20) | 695 (24.69) | 0.30 |
| Midwest | 191 (21.78) | 556 (19.75) | |
| South | 331 (37.74) | 1,158 (41.14) | |
| West | 134 (15.28) | 406 (14.42) |
Abbreviations: ACHEI= acetylcholinesterase inhibitors; ADL= activities of daily living; ASHD=arteriosclerotic heart disease; COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PTSD=post traumatic stress disorder