Table 1.
Variable Means for the Full Sample and by Drinking Status
| Full sample (N=12547) | Non-drinker in past year (N=5715) | Drank alcohol in past year (N=6832) | t/z test | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Std. Dev. | Min | Max | Mean | Mean | ||
| Popularity measures | |||||||
| Raw popularity (# nominations) | 4.469 | 3.671 | 0.000 | 32.000 | 4.173 | 4.714 | *** |
| Popularity z-score | 0.059 | 1.016 | −1.878 | 6.554 | −0.011 | 0.117 | *** |
| Alcohol use measures | |||||||
| Drank any alcohol past yr | 0.547 | 0.498 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.000 | 1.000 | N/A |
| Days drank past yr (in tenths) | 2.011 | 5.768 | 0.000 | 33.800 | 0.000 | 3.676 | N/A |
| Got drunk at least once past yr | 0.303 | 0.459 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.000 | 0.549 | N/A |
| Days getting drunk past yr (in tenths) | 1.211 | 4.764 | 0.000 | 33.800 | 0.000 | 2.199 | N/A |
| Peers' drinking frequency (in tenths) | 1.960 | 1.008 | 0.000 | 16.900 | 1.706 | 2.170 | *** |
| Std deviation peers' drinking freq. | 51.782 | 17.871 | 0.000 | 176.978 | 48.198 | 54.750 | *** |
| Peers' frequency drunk (in tenths) | 1.199 | 0.708 | 0.000 | 10.400 | 1.037 | 1.334 | *** |
| Std deviation peers' freq. drunk | 41.977 | 17.575 | 0.000 | 112.434 | 38.929 | 44.502 | *** |
| Control variables | |||||||
| Age | 15.666 | 1.664 | 11.219 | 20.477 | 15.268 | 15.995 | *** |
| Hispanic | 0.151 | 0.358 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.141 | 0.160 | *** |
| Black | 0.209 | 0.406 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.226 | 0.194 | *** |
| Other race | 0.165 | 0.371 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.183 | 0.149 | *** |
| Male | 0.478 | 0.500 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.460 | 0.493 | *** |
| English GPA (imputed) | 2.863 | 0.930 | 1.000 | 4.000 | 3.010 | 2.741 | *** |
| English GPA missing | 0.024 | 0.155 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.019 | 0.029 | *** |
| Math GPA (imputed) | 2.692 | 0.994 | 1.000 | 4.000 | 2.818 | 2.587 | *** |
| Math GPA missing | 0.071 | 0.257 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.048 | 0.090 | *** |
| First year in current school | 0.252 | 0.434 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.281 | 0.229 | *** |
| 3 or less yrs in current school | 0.751 | 0.433 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.786 | 0.722 | *** |
| School activities: arts | 0.270 | 0.444 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.315 | 0.234 | *** |
| School activities: sports | 0.590 | 0.492 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.600 | 0.582 | ** |
| School activities: other | 0.453 | 0.498 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.463 | 0.444 | ** |
| # school activities | 2.378 | 2.552 | 0.000 | 33.000 | 2.430 | 2.334 | * |
| Interviewed in the fall | 0.165 | 0.372 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.163 | 0.167 | |
| Interviewed in the spring | 0.084 | 0.278 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.085 | 0.083 | |
| % Blacks in school grade | 0.160 | 0.206 | 0.000 | 0.903 | 0.166 | 0.155 | *** |
| % Hispanic in school grade | 0.174 | 0.207 | 0.000 | 0.911 | 0.179 | 0.169 | *** |
| % Male in school grade | 0.506 | 0.068 | 0.167 | 1.000 | 0.503 | 0.509 | *** |
| Average age in school grade | 15.108 | 1.564 | 11.993 | 17.720 | 14.732 | 15.419 | *** |
| School grade size | 262.414 | 176.547 | 2.000 | 697.000 | 264.954 | 260.310 | * |
| English spoken at home | 0.892 | 0.311 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.877 | 0.904 | *** |
| Disability flag | 0.033 | 0.178 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.026 | 0.038 | *** |
| Birth order (imputed) | 2.033 | 1.097 | 1.000 | 15.000 | 2.015 | 2.048 | * |
| Birth order missing | 0.210 | 0.407 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.192 | 0.226 | *** |
| Single parent household | 0.224 | 0.417 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.209 | 0.236 | *** |
| Other non-intact household | 0.191 | 0.393 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.170 | 0.209 | *** |
| # children in the household | 1.211 | 1.188 | 0.000 | 10.000 | 1.304 | 1.133 | *** |
| Resident mother | 0.953 | 0.211 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.963 | 0.945 | *** |
| Resident father | 0.728 | 0.445 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.755 | 0.706 | *** |
| Parent w/ college degree (imputed) | 0.503 | 0.500 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.533 | 0.478 | *** |
| Parental education missing | 0.018 | 0.134 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.023 | 0.014 | *** |
| Resident mom white collar | 0.507 | 0.500 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.504 | 0.509 | |
| Resident mother works | 0.826 | 0.379 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.827 | 0.825 | |
| Resident father white collar | 0.265 | 0.441 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.283 | 0.249 | *** |
| Resident father works | 0.691 | 0.462 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.719 | 0.668 | *** |
| Parent on welfare (imputed) | 0.093 | 0.290 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.099 | 0.088 | ** |
| Welfare status missing | 0.007 | 0.085 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.009 | 0.006 | * |
| Height | 66.258 | 4.075 | 48.000 | 81.000 | 65.726 | 66.699 | *** |
| Body Mass Index (imputed) | 22.552 | 4.415 | 11.745 | 63.493 | 22.219 | 22.828 | *** |
| Body Mass Index missing | 0.014 | 0.119 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.015 | 0.014 | |
| PVT ability test (imputed) | 101.715 | 13.772 | 13.000 | 138.000 | 101.585 | 101.823 | |
| PVT test missing | 0.047 | 0.211 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.050 | 0.044 | * |
| Any smoking past year | 0.353 | 0.478 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.102 | 0.561 | *** |
| Smoking frequency past year | 0.189 | 0.392 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.033 | 0.318 | *** |
| Used cannabis past 30 dys | 0.133 | 0.339 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.033 | 0.215 | *** |
| Parent(s) present during interview | 0.188 | 0.391 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.208 | 0.171 | *** |
| Physical attractiveness (interviewer) | 3.594 | 0.868 | 1.000 | 5.000 | 3.565 | 3.619 | *** |
| Personality attractiveness (interviewer) | 3.635 | 0.833 | 1.000 | 5.000 | 3.654 | 3.619 | ** |
| Grooming (interviewer) | 3.588 | 0.782 | 1.000 | 5.000 | 3.618 | 3.563 | *** |
| Household income in $ 1,000s (imputed) | 44.183 | 48.294 | 0.000 | 999.000 | 43.041 | 45.128 | ** |
| Household income missing | 0.247 | 0.431 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.246 | 0.248 | |
*
Covariate difference between non-drinkers and drinkers statistically significant at 10%;
**
covariate difference statistically significant at 5%;
***
covariate difference statistically significant at 1%.