Table 1.
Characteristics for U.S.-born African-American and East African immigrant adolescent girls, total sample and <85th percentile BMI-forage.
| Total sample | African-American (n=54) | East African (n=25) | Difference between means | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min | 25th % | Median | 75th % | Max | Mean (SD) | Min | 25th % | Median | 75th % | Max | Mean (SD) | p-value | |
| Age (yr) | 14.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 16.0 | 18.0 | 15.4 (1.1) | 14.0 | 16.0 | 17.0 | 18.0 | 20.0 | 16.7 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 147.6 | 158.7 | 162.2 | 165.5 | 187.3 | 162.4 (6.5) | 150.6 | 155.7 | 160.4 | 162.7 | 165.6 | 159.3 (4.6) | 0.031 |
| Weight (kg) | 47.9 | 58.0 | 79.1 | 90.8 | 143.7 | 80.5 (24.0) | 42.7 | 48.9 | 52.5 | 59.4 | 85.6 | 55.5 (10.7) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.9 | 23.7 | 29.0 | 35.3 | 52.2 | 30.3 (8.2) | 17.9 | 19.4 | 21.0 | 22.3 | 31.2 | 21.8 (3.3) | <0.001 |
| BMI-for-age z-score | −0.8 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 1.5 (0.9) | −1.1 | −0.4 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 0.2 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 11.1 | 18.7 | 34.2 | 44.8 | 75.8 | 34.4 (16.5) | 10.0 | 16.8 | 18.9 | 24.4 | 45.1 | 21.5 (8.6) | 0.002 |
| Fat mass index (kg/m2) | 3.9 | 7.8 | 12.6 | 17.3 | 27.5 | 12.9 (6.0) | 4.0 | 7.0 | 8.1 | 9.1 | 16.5 | 8.4 (3.0) | 0.002 |
| Trunk fat (kg) | 4.6 | 8.5 | 18.1 | 22.5 | 40.7 | 17.0 (8.7) | 3.9 | 7.0 | 8.1 | 10.9 | 22.4 | 9.7 (4.5) | <0.001 |
| Arm and leg fat (kg) | 5.5 | 9.7 | 15.3 | 21.7 | 34.0 | 16.4 (7.8) | 5.5 | 8.8 | 10.1 | 12.1 | 21.6 | 11.0 (4.0) | 0.003 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 31.1 | 39.9 | 43.5 | 47.7 | 70.5 | 45.6 (8.7) | 26.2 | 31.7 | 33.3 | 35.6 | 45.3 | 33.6 (3.9) | <0.001 |
| Fat-free mass index (kg/m2) | 12.2 | 15.7 | 16.6 | 17.8 | 26.9 | 17.2 (2.7) | 11.1 | 12.6 | 13.4 | 13.8 | 17.1 | 13.2 (1.3) | <0.001 |
| Percent body fat (%) | 21.0 | 32.6 | 43.7 | 49.4 | 56.1 | 40.8 (10.0) | 21.6 | 33.2 | 38.3 | 41.9 | 53.0 | 37.9 (8.1) | 0.16 |
| Total physical activity (hr/wk) | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 4.3 | 11.7 | 3.4 (3.3) | 0.7 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 12.0 | 4.5 (2.9) | 0.042 |
| Moderate-vigorous physical activity (hr/wk) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 2.7 | 10.0 | 2.1 (2.5) | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 5.7 | 2.0 (1.5) | 0.41 |
| Total sedentary activity (hr/wk) | 11.7 | 31.3 | 33.3 | 35.0 | 36.0 | 31.9 (4.4) | 24.0 | 30.0 | 31.7 | 33.7 | 35.3 | 31.4 (3.0) | 0.11 |
| Bone mass (kg) | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 3.0 (0.6) | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 2.3 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| <85th percentile BMI-for-age | African-American (n=17) | East African (n=20) | Difference between means | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min | 25th % | Median | 75th % | Max | Mean (SD) | Min | 25th % | Median | 75th % | Max | Mean (SD) | p-value | |
| Age (yr) | 14.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 18.0 | 15.2 (1.0) | 14.0 | 16.0 | 17.0 | 18.0 | 20.0 | 17.0 (1.7) | 0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 151.9 | 156.4 | 158.9 | 163.8 | 170.6 | 160.3 (5.5) | 150.6 | 155.5 | 159.0 | 161.7 | 165.5 | 158.5 (4.4) | 0.39 |
| Weight (kg) | 47.9 | 53.4 | 55.4 | 58.0 | 69.0 | 56.1 (5.2) | 42.7 | 47.5 | 49.9 | 55.9 | 60.1 | 51.3 (5.3) | 0.015 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.9 | 20.7 | 22.9 | 23.6 | 23.9 | 21.9 (1.9) | 17.9 | 18.9 | 20.4 | 21.9 | 23.1 | 20.4 (1.6) | 0.017 |
| BMI-for-age z-score | −0.8 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.5 (0.6) | −1.1 | −0.5 | −0.1 | 0.2 | 0.7 | −0.2 (0.5) | 0.002 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 11.1 | 13.8 | 14.9 | 18.4 | 22.7 | 16.0 (3.4) | 10.0 | 16.0 | 17.8 | 22.3 | 25.0 | 18.3 (4.6) | 0.097 |
| Fat mass index (kg/m2) | 3.9 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 7.3 | 8.5 | 6.2 (1.3) | 4.0 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 8.6 | 9.5 | 7.3 (1.6) | 0.053 |
| Trunk fat (kg) | 4.6 | 6.0 | 7.3 | 8.3 | 11.3 | 7.3 (1.8) | 3.9 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 10.0 | 11.6 | 8.0 (2.3) | 0.49 |
| Arm and leg fat (kg) | 5.5 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 9.4 | 11.2 | 8.0 (1.7) | 5.5 | 8.2 | 9.7 | 11.9 | 13.3 | 9.6 (2.3) | 0.037 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 32.7 | 37.7 | 39.9 | 41.7 | 47.7 | 40.2 (3.7) | 26.2 | 31.6 | 32.9 | 34.5 | 36.2 | 32.6 (2.6) | <0.001 |
| Fat-free mass index (kg/m2) | 12.2 | 15.1 | 15.7 | 16.4 | 17.8 | 15.6 (1.4) | 11.1 | 12.2 | 13.2 | 13.6 | 14.8 | 13.0 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Percent body fat (%) | 21.0 | 25.0 | 28.2 | 31.8 | 36.2 | 28.3 (4.6) | 21.6 | 33.1 | 36.7 | 41.4 | 42.9 | 35.6 (6.4) | <0.001 |
| Total physical activity (hr/wk) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 11.7 | 2.6 (3.1) | 0.7 | 2.3 | 4.3 | 6.0 | 12.0 | 4.7 (3.1) | 0.018 |
| Moderate-vigorous physical activity (hr/wk) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 1.5 (2.3) | 0.0 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 4.7 | 1.9 (1.3) | 0.11 |
| Total sedentary activity (hr/wk) | 11.7 | 32.0 | 33.7 | 35.0 | 36.0 | 31.9 (6.1) | 24.0 | 29.8 | 31.5 | 33.7 | 35.3 | 31.2 (3.2) | 0.051 |
| Bone mass (kg) | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 2.4 (0.3) | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.2 (0.2) | 0.006 |