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. 2011 Aug 19;6(8):e23467. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023467

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Relationship between the total number of influenza deaths and population size for the 66 US cities. The dashed blue line represents the best linear fit to the data in log-log scale. A solid black line representing a slope of one is shown as a reference to illustrate the expected relationship if influenza mortality rates did not vary with population size. The slope of the observed data is ‘linear’ for all years (invariant death rates across cities) except for a slope less than one for year 1918 suggesting that less populous cities were more heavily affected during the 1918 influenza pandemic.