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. 2011 Oct 27;366(1580):2949–2958. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0135

Scheme 4.

Scheme 4.

NCA can be formed starting from sufficiently activated amino acid derivatives including mixed anhydrides with phosphate and nucleotides. Peptide formation from a carboxy activated amino acid usually takes place through the intermediacy of NCA.