Table 1.
Findings in schizophrenic patients and correlations in mice models.
| Findings | References | |
|---|---|---|
| Humans | ||
|
| ||
| GAD67 | ↓ GAD67 in prefrontal cortex | Volk et al. [109] |
| Akbarian et al. [110] | ||
| Preserved # number of PV cells, cortex | Woo et al. [111] | |
| Hashimoto et al. [112] | ||
| ↓ GAD67 level in PV cells, cortex | Hashimoto et al. [112] | |
| Association with polymorphisms in GAD67 promoter | Addington et al. [113] | |
| Chandelier | Decrease in chandelier cells cartridges (GAT1+) in prefrontal cortex | Woo et al. [114] |
| Volk et al. [115] | ||
| SST | ↓ levels of SST in microarray analysis and ↓ number of SST cells, prefrontal cortex | Hashimoto et al. [116] |
| NPY/CCK | ↓ levels of NPY and CCK in microarray analysis | Hashimoto et al. [116] |
| NRG1 | Susceptibility locus in NRG1 | Stefansson et al. [117, 118] |
| Zhang et al. [119] | ||
| Yang et al. [120] | ||
| ERB4 | Susceptibility locus in ERB4 | Silberberg et al. [121] |
| BDNF/Trkb | Downregulation of BDNF in prefrontal cortex | Weickert et al. [122] |
| Wong et al. [123] | ||
| Downregulation of BDNF and Trkb in prefrontal cortex | Takahashi et al. [124] | |
| PSA/NCAM | ↓ PSA-NCAM complexes in hippocampus | Barbeau et al. [125] |
| Gamma | Gamma oscillations are triggered by working memory tasks + selective attention | Tallon-Baudry et al. [79] |
| Howard et al. [81] | ||
| Decreased power of cortical gamma oscillations and phase locking to memory task | Spencer et al. [82, 84] | |
| Cho et al. [85] | ||
|
| ||
| Mice | ||
|
| ||
| Erb4 | Selective interneuron loss of Erb4: “schizophrenia-like behaviors” | Wen et al. [126] |
| Erb4/Nrg1 | Erb4 in PV cells is required for Nrg1-dependant regulation of LTP (hippocampus) | Chen et al. [127] |
| NR1 | Selective loss of the NMDAr NR1 subunit in PV cells: decreased excitatory input to PV cells results in “schizophrenia-like behaviors” and ↓ expression of PV and GAD67 | Belforte et al. [128] |
| BDNF | BDNF regulates activity-dependant maturation of PV cells Bdnf−/− and Trkb−/−: ↓ synaptic GAD67 and GABA and behavioral anomalies | Huang et al. [129] |
| Cotrufo et al. [130] | ||
| Hashimoto et al. [131] | ||
| PSA/NCAM | Activity-mediated expression of PSA regulates PV cells maturation and visual plasticity | Di Cristo et al. [132] |
| Gamma | Gamma oscillations are triggered by stimulating PV cells: enhanced performance | Cardin et al. [77] |
| Sohal et al. [83] | ||
| Gamma oscillations depend on PV cells-mediated fast-synaptic inhibition | Bartos et al. [72] | |