. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Aug 22.

Published in final edited form as: Soc Nat Resour. 2011 Jan 1;24(3):256–275. doi: 10.1080/08941920903443327

Table 2.

Multivariate estimation of household fuelwood strategies, Agincourt Site, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

		Alternative energy		Uses of wood		Level of use		Acquisition strategies
	Use wood, yes=no	Electricity for cooking	Electricity for lighting	Cooking	Heating water	Wood per day (kg, summer)	Wood per day (kg, winter)	Buy wood	Male head harvests	Female head, wife harvests	Son harvests	Daughter harvests
Research question #1: What are the associations between natural resource use, household size, composition, and economic status?
Household size	−0.01	−0.10^*	0.03	0.03	0.09	0.04	0.10	−0.01	0.18^**	−0.03	−0.08	0.03
Household composition
Sex ratio	−0.41	0.20	0.07	−0.33	−0.49	1.92^**	1.93^**	0.10	0.35	−0.42^*	0.07	0.07
Young age structure	−0.67	0.20	−0.70	−0.63	−0.34	0.48	−1.80	−0.22	−0.51	−0.26	−0.55	0.07
Older age structure	0.15	−1.27	−0.70	0.50	1.38	2.64^*	3.67	0.06	0.89	0.25	−0.99	0.18
SES
Possessions Index	0.50	0.11	0.19	0.33	0.14^**	0.99^*	0.61	−0.06	0.18	−0.10	−0.05	−0.12
Village	−0.04	−0.06^*	−0.25^**	−0.04	−0.09	−0.01	−0.02	−0.01	−0.01	−0.01	0.02	−0.07
Research question #2: Beyond these household characteristics, how is mortality experience associated with natural resources?
Adult mortality
within past 2 years	3.39^*	−1.27	0.28	3.48^**	3.02^**	3.47	−0.17	0.01	2.84^*	−0.54	−1.89	1.20
Mortality×SES	−0.83^*	0.09	−0.19	−0.69^*	−0.64^**	−1.21	0.61	0.05	−0.36	−0.05	0.64	−0.30
Years since mortality	−0.40	0.36	0.13	−0.56	−0.49	0.13	0.61	−0.14	−0.89^**	0.23	−0.59	−0.05
Constant	2.32^*	−0.09	3.68	2.15^*	2.19^**	4.12	9.05	0.19	−3.79^**	0.64	−1.27	−0.17
R ²	.08	.06	.20	.08	.10	.11	.09	.01	.11	.04	.08	.04
n	239	239	239	239	239	169	169	239	239	239	239	239

Note. Statistical significance indicated by p<.05;

^**

p<.01.

Data Source: MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Unit.